پښتو – English: س 2056 of 30058 entries
س sin misc the twenty-first letter of the Pashto alphabet; numerical value 60 in the abjad system سؤ suʿ n-m evil; bad; evil; malicious; ominous, sinister سؤ رفتار suʿraftā́r n-m bad conduct, bad behavior د مامور سؤ رفتار — abuse of power سؤ عمل suʿamál n-m evil deed; misdemeanour, offense سؤاجراات suʿiǰrāʿā́t n-m · plural abuse, misuse; negligence سؤاداره suʿidārá n-f mismanagement, negligence سؤاستعمال suʿistiʿmā́l n-m incorrect use of something; abuse, misuse of something سؤال suʿā́l n-m question; request; begging for alms سؤالي suālí adj asking, inquiring; interrogative; beggar; usurer سؤتفاهم suʿtafāhhúm n-m misunderstanding سؤقصد suʿqásd n-m attempted murder سا sā n-f breathing, respiration; stench, stink, heavy smell; air سا اخيستل — to breathe; to hold one’s breath; (figurative) to get into trouble; (figurative) to fall into poverty سا يې بنده سوه — he stopped breathing سا کښل — to breathe سابق sābíq adj former, past; previous, prior سابقاً sābíqan adv before, earlier, formerly; in the past, in former times سابقه sābiqá n-f the past; precedent; (work) experience, proficiency; (life) experience سابندي sābandí n-f dyspnoea; asthma سابندی sābánday adj suffering of dyspnoea; asthmatic سابه sābə́ n-m · plural vegetables; salad سابه خرڅوونکی sābə́ xarcawúnkay n-m greengrocer سابه والا sābəwālā́ n-m greengrocer سابو sābú n-m Panicum colonum (a plant used to make mats) سات sāt n-m · colloquial ست 1 ساتل sātə́l v · transitive; plural to defend, to protect; to guard, to watch over; to keep, to keep safe; to keep (e.g., livestock); to maintain, to keep in (good) order ځان ساتل — to defend oneself, protect oneself; to beware, to watch out د چا څخه ځان ساتل — to beware of someone ساتلوالی sātəlwā́lay n-m safety, integrity; material well-being; security ساتندوی sātəndúy n-m · religion defender; patron, sponsor; guard, custodian; God, Savior; protector; defending, protecting; guarding ساتنه sātə́na n-f defence, protection; safeguarding; protecting; maintaining in (good) order (e.g., a road); care (for clothing); nursing (a patient) ساتنګي sātangí n-f laboured breathing, dyspnoea ساتو sātú n-m keeper, custodian; hospital attendant, male nurse ساتول sātúl n-m large (butcher’s) knife; сleaver, chopper; hatchet ساحر sāhir n-m sorcerer, wizard; magician ساحرانه sāhirāná adj magic(al) ساحره sāhirá n-f sorceress, witch, magician, enchantress ساحري sāhirí n-f witchcraft, sorcery; wizardry, magic, enchantment ساحل sāhil n-m shore; coastline ساحلي sāhilí adj shore, coastal ساحه sāhá n-f · figurative space, area; arena, field, branch, sphere په عملي ساحه کې — in practice ساخت sāxt n-m processing, manufacturing; production; construction; structure ساخت sāxt n-m Morocco leather, saffian ساختمان sāxtmā́n n-m construction; order; structure; building ارتجاعي ساختمان — elasticity ساختماني sāxtmāní adj pertaining to building, construction ساختماني کارګر — construction worker ساخته sāxtá adj arranged; fabricated; contrived; counterfeit, false, forged ساخته کار sāxtakā́r n-m counterfeiter, forger, falsifier ساخته کاري sāxtakārí n-f falsification, fake, forgery ساختګي sāxtagí n-f deception, hypocrisy; forgery, falsification; man-made, artificial, simulated; counterfeit, false, falsified ساخلو sāxláw n-m · history garrison ساخه sāxá n-f · religion deafening noise; calamity, disaster, misfortune, trouble; Judgment Day ساخولی sāxwúlay adj appeaseable, meek ساد sād adj · regional honest; honourable, respectable; reliable, faithful; head of the house ساده sādá adj simple, uncomplicated; unpretentious; primitive; simpleminded, credulous, naïve; narrow-minded; pure, without contaminants ساده لار — simple way په ساده الفاظو — in simple words ساده دل sādadíl adj simple-minded, credulous; naïve ساده دلي sādadilí n-f simple-mindedness, credulousness; naivete ساده روی sādarúy adj beardless, clean-shaven ساده لوح sādaláwh adj simple-minded; credulous; naïve ساده لوحي sādalawhí n-f simple-mindedness; credulousness; naivete ساده کار sādakā́r n-m worker who does simple work; apprentice ساده کاري sādakārí n-f simple work; work that does not require qualifications سادو sādú n-m swindler, trickster; flatterer سادين sādín n-f arable land, cultivated field; virgin soil سادين کول — to cultivate, to till, to plough سادين کېدل — to be cultivated, to be tilled, to be ploughed سادګي sādagí n-f simplicity; primitiveness; innocence, naivete سادګي کول — to act directly سار sār n-m good news سار sār n-m common buzzard, Buteo buteo (bird of prey) سارا sārā́ n-f steppe; desert; rural areas, countryside سارا شين sārāšín n-m steppe dweller; nomad ساراګشت sārāgášt n-m ساراګشت ته تلل — to answer the call of nature, to relieve oneself سارجنټ sārǰánṭ n-m · regional sergeant سارق sāríq n-m thief; plagiarist سارقه sāriqá n-f thief (female) سارمه sā́rma n-f garden orache, red orache, mountain spinach, Atriplex hortensis سارمکۍ sārməkə́y n-f garden orache, red orache, mountain spinach, Atriplex hortensis سارنده sārindá n-f kind of violin سارنګ sāríng n-m kind of violin سارنګۍ sāringə́y n-f kind of violin ساروان sārwā́n n-m camel driver, camel herdsman ساروج sārúǰ n-m cement ساري sārí adj infectious, contagious ساري مرضونه — infectious diseases ساري توب sāritób n-m equality سارکه sārə́ka n-f rosy starling, Pastor roseus (locust-eater) ساری sā́ray adj equal, equivalent; equal, match ساز sāz n-m · obsolete equipment, gear; harness; saz (musical instrument); music ساز او وسله — ammunition د ساز آله — musical instrument ساز کول — to play (a musical instrument) سازش sāzíš n-m · Eastern contract; agreement; deal; compromise; plot, conspiracy سازش کار sāziškā́r n-m compromiser; double-dealer سازشي sāziší adj compromising, appeasing; easy to get along with سازمان sāzmā́n n-m organization, institution; enterprise سازميکي sāyzmikí adj seismic سازنده sāzandá n-m musician; creator, builder سازوباز sāzubā́z n-m furnishings, setup (e.g., of a room), furniture سازوسامان sāzusāmā́n n-m furnishings, setup; equipment, outfit, gear سازول sāzawə́l v · denominative; transitive; ironic to make, to manufacture; to build; to create; to draw up (a plan, a design); to write (a book); to compose (a song); to sew; to repair, to fix; to adjust, to arrange سفر ته ځان سازول — to prepare for a trip سازي sāzí n-m · regional musician سازښت sāzə́ṣ̌t n-m harmony, consent, agreement سازېدل sāzedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be built; to be manufactured, to be produced; to be repaired, to be mended; to be arranged, to be solved, to be settled; to be written سازېده sāzedə́ n-m · plural manufacturing; building; fixing, adjusting, repairing ساطع sātíʿ adj sparkling, twinkling, shining ساعت sāʿát n-m hour; clock, watch; time ساعت تېرول — to have a good time ساعت تېري sāʿatterí n-f pastime, entertainment; delight, joy ساعت تېري کول — to have a good time ساعت جوړوونکی sāʿát ǰoṛawúnkay n-m watchmaker ساعت ساز sāʿatsā́z n-m watchmaker ساعت سازي sāʿatsāzí n-f manufacturing of watches ساعت والا sāʿatwālā́ n-m watchmaker, watch seller, watch retailer ساعي sāʿí adj diligent, hardworking; careful, thorough, meticulous; adherent, ardent supporter, fervent advocate ساغر sāγár n-m cup, goblet, vessel ساغري sāγrí n-f croup (of a horse or donkey); shagreen, shagreen leather ساغری sāγráy n-m croup (of a horse or donkey); shagreen, shagreen leather ساق sāq n-m shin, shank; top of a (high) boot; stem, stalk ساقط sāqít adj falling; annulled, vitiated, no longer in force, no longer valid ساقطول sāqitawə́l v · denominative; transitive to annul, to declare null and void, to vitiate ساقطېدل sāqitedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be annulled, to become invalid, to become null and void, to be vitiated ساقه sāqá n-f stalk; stem ساقي sāqí n-m cupbearer ساقي نامه sāqināmá n-f Saqinama, a genre of poetry dedicated to the saqi (the cupbearer) ساقچه sāqčá n-f pedicle, pedicel, peduncle, small stalk سال sāl n-m · plural sand; gravel سال sāl n-m year rare or compounds سالار sālā́r n-m head, leader, chief سالارزي sālārzí n-m · plural the Salarzai (a tribe in Badzhaur) سالارزی sālārzáy n-m Salarzai (member of the tribe) سالب sālíb adj negative سالخورده sālxurdá adj elderly; old, aged سالدانه sāldāná n-f · medicine leishmaniasis سالم sālím adj · personal name healthy, unscathed, unharmed; good; fine; safe په سالم ډول — correctly سالم الاعضا sālim-ul-aʿzā́ adj healthy سالم الاعضا اشخاص — healthy people سالمانه sālimāná adj fine, happy, successful سالن sālán n-m ragout سالنډي sālanḍí n-f short wind, dyspnoea; asthma; laboured breathing (with pneumonia) سالنډی sālánḍay adj suffering from dyspnoea; to be out of breath; asthmatic سالنګ sāláng n-m the Salang Pass د سالنګ واټ — the road over the Salang Pass ساله -sālá adj (used with numerals as the second element of compounds) چار ساله — four-year(-old) يو ساله — one-year(-old) سالو sālú n-m silk kerchief, silk shawl; veil سالواله sāluwā́la n-f · folklore girl in a shawl or veil; sweetheart, beloved, darling سالون sālón n-m salon, hall د خوراک سالون — dining room د لوستلو سالون — reading room ساليانه sāliyāná adj yearly, annual; annual pay, yearly salary سالک sālík adj going; traveller; devout person who strictly follows their faith سالګره sālgirá n-f anniversary, year, date of some event سالګشت sālgášt n-m · agriculture fallow land سامان sāmā́n n-m household things, utensils; property; baggage; equipment; gear; stuff, belongings, goods; harness سامانه sāmāná n-f pomp, splendor, pomposity سامبولی sāmbólay adj without trousers سامراج sāmrā́ǰ n-m · regional imperialism سامراجي sāmrāǰí adj · regional imperialistic (of politics, etc.) سامع sāmíʿ n-m · plural listener; audience, listeners سامعه sāmiʿá n-f hearing, sense of hearing سامعه کول — to listen سامعه نوازي sāmiʿanawāzí n-f د چا سامعه نوازي کول — to please someone’s ears ساموا sāmoā́ n-f Samoa سامي sāmí n-m Semite; Semitic سامي sāmí adj tall, high, exalt سامۍ sāmə́y n-f · Eastern Adat defendant (paying taxes to a district chief) سان sān n-m parade, inspection (of troops); (numerical) strength (of an army); army provisioning, army staffing سان sān n-m grindstone, whetstone سان فرانسسکو sān-frānsísko n-m San Francisco سان مارينو sān-mārinó n-f San Marino سان هوان sān-huā́n n-m San Juan سان هوزې sān-hozé n-m San Jose سان پولو sān-páulu n-m Sao Paulo سانتو دومينګو sānto-domingó n-f Santo Domingo سانحه sānihá n-f incident, happening, adventure; event سانده sā́nda n-f groan(ing), moan, weeping, crying, mourning ساندي ويل — to mourn ساندو sāndú adj mourning; weeper, mourner سانس سکريت sānskrít n-m Sanskrit سانسور sānsúr n-m censorship ساني sāní n-m · history inspector for army staffing (under Ahmed-Shah) ساني sāní adj calico, cotton, (made) of cotton (of fabrics) سانټيمېتر sānṭimétr n-m centimeter سانچه sānčá n-f mould; template, pattern; matrix سانډه sānḍá n-f skink (lizard) سانډه sānḍə́ n-m breeding bull, buffalo سانډه sānḍá n-f buffalo cow in heat (in estrus) سانډو sānḍú n-m brother-in-law (wife’s sister’s husband) سانډي sānḍí adj seeking refuge, seeking asylum سانډي کېدل — to seek asylum سانګه sā́nga n-f bough, branch; off-shoot, branch; lance, pike, spear; caravan (on horses); group of travelers (mounted) سانګۍ sāngə́y n-f wooden pitchfork ساه بندی sābandí n-f suffocation; breathlessness ساه پوهنه sāhpohə́na n-f psychology ساهر sāhír adj not sleeping, awake ساهو sāhú adj animate, lively; civilized; free; ardent, fervent, passionate, fiery (of feelings) ساهوکار sāhukā́r n-m · Eastern usurer, moneylender ساو sāw n-m · history tax, duty ساوو sāwú adj noble; master, owner ساووتوب sāwutób n-m nobleness ساويسا sāwisā́ n-f confidence, assurance, certitude ساوڼ sāwáṇ n-m · regional savan, shravana (the fourth month of the Indian calendar, July-August) سايبيريا sāybíryā n-f Siberia ساير sāír adj other, the rest; privates plural military سايره sāyrá n-f goldfinch سايس sāís n-m groom, stableman سايق sāíq adj · rare urging, driving forward; leading; prompting, inducing, impelling; driver, drover سايل sāíl n-m beggar; petitioner سايل sāíl adj liquid, fluid, flowing; liquid, fluid سايله sāilá n-f petitioner ساينس sā́yans n-m science; the exact sciences; natural science طبيعي ساينس — physics; natural science ساينس پوه sāyanspóh n-m scientist; naturalist ساينسدان sāyansdā́n n-m scientist; naturalist ساينسي sāyansí adj scientific; relating to the exact sciences ساينسي مبتکرات — scientific issues ساينټست sāynṭíst n-m scientist; naturalist سايه sāyá n-f · figurative shade, shadow; cover; protection, patronage; canopy, baldachin; awning سايه دار sāyadā́r adj shady سايه وان sāyawā́n n-m canopy, baldachin; awning; umbrella, parasol, sunshade سايپروس sāyprús n-m Cyprus (the island and the country) سايکالوجسټ sāykāloǰísṭ n-m psychologist سايکالوجي sāykāloǰí n-f psychology سايکل sāykál n-m bicycle سايکل چلول — to ride a bicycle سايکلون sāyklón n-m cyclone سايګي sāyagí n-m · plural species of sultana grapes ساټين sāṭín n-m · Eastern satin ساپوهنه sāpohə́na n-f psychology ساپټ sāpə́ṭ adv quite, totally, completely, entirely ساپټ لېونی — crazy, mad ساچ sāč n-m rosy starling (Pastor roseus) ساچمه sāčmá n-f · usually plural shot, pellet (for shooting) ساډه sā́ḍa n-f bragging, boasting ساډه وهل — to brag, to boast ساډه سوډه sā́ḍa-súḍa n-f bragging, boasting ساډو sāḍú n-m braggart, boaster ساډوب sāḍúb adj upset, frustrated; sad ساډوب کېدل — to be upset, to be frustrated; to be sad ساډوبي sāḍubí n-f trouble, distress, frustration; sadness ساډۍ sāḍə́y n-f lazy and stupid woman ساړ sāṛ adj dying (of crops) ساړه sāṛə́ n-m · plural cold, frost نن ساړه دي — it is cold today نن مي ډېر ساړه کېږي — I feel very cold today ساړه تاوده sāṛə-tāwdə́ n-m · plural onion soup ساړي sāṛí n-f sari (Indian women’s dress) ساړۍ sāṛə́y n-f sari (Indian women’s dress) ساک sāk n-m · history Saka (Eastern Iranian people) singular & plural ساک پاک sāk pāk adj very clean ساکت sākít adj (keeping) silent; taciturn, reserved; quiet, calm, tranquil ساکن sākín adj · physics; linguistics stationary, fixed, immovable; calm, tranquil; quiet; static; resident, dweller, inhabitant ساکن کېدل — to become silent; to calm down ساکن والی sākinwā́lay n-m peace; calmness, serenity; quietness ساکټ sākáṭ n-m socket, plug electrical engineering ساکښ sākáṣ̌ n-m animal; breathing; animated ساکښ والی sākaṣ̌wā́lay n-m · grammar animatedness (category) ساکی sākáy n-m beginning of the rose flowering season ساګ sāg n-m · plural vegetables, salad, greens ساګله sāglá n-f copper boiler, copper cauldron ساګودانه sāgudāná n-f sago ساګڼی sāgṇáy n-m dish of rice and vegetables, vegetable ragout; dish, plate ساڼ sāṇ n-m stallion; breeding bull, buffalo سای sāy n-m coastal shoal; hollow, ravine سب sab n-m defamation; insult, offence سب تراپيکي sabtrāpikí adj subtropical سب تراپيکي سيمه — the subtropics سب سټېشن sabsṭéšan n-m substation سبا sabā́ n-m tomorrow; morning; tomorrow د سبا ورځ — tomorrow په سبا — the next day, in the morning د سبا سترګه — Venus سبابه sabbābá n-f سبابه ګوته — index finger سبات sbāt n-m chamber; veranda سباروڼ sabārúṇ n-m dawn, daybreak سباله sabā́la adv (instead of سبا ته) سباناری sabānāráy n-m breakfast سباناری کول — to have breakfast سباوون sabāwún n-m dawn, daybreak سبايي sabāyí adj morning; in the morning سبايي مال — early morning; early in the morning سباګون sabāgún n-m dawn, daybreak سبب sabáb n-m reason, cause; means له دې سببه — for this reason له دغه سببه — for this reason له دې سببه چه ... — because… سبت sabát n-m mother of pearl, nacre سبحان subhā́n n-m · personal name praise to God; Subkhan سبحان ﷲ subhānalláh int Glory be to god! سبحانه subhānahú int · religion Glory be to god! سبد sabád n-m · technology basket; lifting device سبر sábər n-m cypress; thuja سبره sábra n-f cypress سبز sabz adj green; fresh; young; swarthy, dark-complexioned rare or in compounds سبزبرګ sabzbárg n-m · history tax on agricultural crops سبزه sabzá n-f greens, grass; peach fuzz (on a young man’s chin); swarthy, dark-complexioned سبزه خورک sabzaxurák n-m Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis) سبزه زار sabzazā́r n-m meadow, lawn, clearing سبزواری sabzwāray adj (pertaining to) Sabzawar; native or resident of Sabzawar سبزي sabzí n-m · plural greens, vegetables د سبزيو پټی — kitchen garden سبزي کار sabzikā́r n-m gardner سبزي کاري sabzikārí n-f gardening, vegetable growing; kitchen garden سبق sabáq n-m lesson, class; studies سبق آموز sabaqāmúz adj didactic سبقت sabaqát n-m priority سبقي sabaqí adj · rare pertaining to a lesson; student, pupil سبوس sabús n-m bran; rice husks singular & plural سبوناکه sabunā́ka n-f rice porridge with green vegetables سبوڼی sabóṇay n-m leavened dough سبيره sabirá adj سکه سبيره ورور مي دئ — he is my full (biological) brother سبيل sabíl n-m path, road; means, way; treat, entertaining سبک sabk n-m school (of thought); good style, language سبڼه sabə́ṇa n-f satisfaction سبڼه کول — to be satisfied ست sat n-m invitation (to a meal); honor د چايو ست کول — to invite someone for a cup of tea ست sat adj even, smooth ستا stā possessive pronoun · third singular your(s), thy, thine; you, thee with adpositions it is used as an oblique from of the personal pronoun ته ستا سره — with you ستا څخه — from you ستار sitā́r n-m sitar (musical instrument) ستار sattā́r n-m · proper name patron; Sattar ستار stār n-m film star, movie star ستار sitā́r n-m bedcover; cover, canopy; curtain; screen ستاره sitārá n-f · rare star; movie star, film star; (type of fireworks); fate; lot; good luck, good fortune ستاره stārá n-f fear of someone ستاره لوېدل — to be afraid of someone or something; to hesitate ستاره پر لوېدل — to be afraid of someone or something; to hesitate ستاره شناس sitārašinā́s n-m astronomer ستاره شناسي sitārašināsí n-f astronomy ستاري sitārí n-m sitar player ستاسو stā́su possessive pronoun · third plural your(s); you with adpositions it is used as an oblique from of the personal pronoun تاسو ستاسو سره — with you ستاسو څخه — from you ستامبول stāmbúl n-m Istanbul د ستامبول آبناي — the Bosphorus Strait ستاندار stānadā́r n-m originating from a well-known lineage (especially clerical) ستانه stāná n-f prominent family (especially clerical); threshold (of a door); from a prominent clerical family; reverend ستاوندي stāwə́ndi n-f · plural nonsense, heresy, rubbish ستايش sitāyíš n-m praise; glorification ستايل stāyə́l v · transitive; plural to praise, to laud; to glorify, to worship; to mention; to call, name; praise, worship ستاينه stāyə́na n-f praise, worship; song; ballad د چا ستاينه کول — to praise someone ستايوال stāywā́l n-m panegyrist, eulogist ستاړه stā́ṛa n-f peace; reconciliation ستاژ stāž n-f internship ستاژ کول — to do an internship, to intern ستاژېر stāžér n-m intern, trainee, apprentice ستاکهولم stākhólm n-m Stockholm ستخ stəx adj ستخي خبري کول — to say unpleasant things ستخ stəx adv backward, on one’s back ستخ پرېوت — he fell on his back ستديوم stadyúm n-m stadium ستر satr n-m · military; figurative closing; concealment; cover; harem; zenana, women’s quarters of the house; women; modesty ستر او اخفا — camouflage سترکول — to close, to conceal, to cover; to defend, to protect; to hold in a harem ستر star n-m · anatomy temple ستر stər adj large; big; great; deep (e.g., of a well); important, significant (e.g., matter, issue) ستراتوستات strātostā́t n-m stratostat, high-altitude balloon ستراتېژيکي strātežíki adj strategic ستراتېژيکي وسله — strategic weapon سترانتيوم strāntiyúm n-m · plural strontium ستراو satrā́w n-m fallen fruit; fallen leaves; (fruit) juice سترتوب stərtób n-m size, magnitude, extent; power, might, greatness; importance, significance (of an issue or question) سترتيا stərtyā́ n-f size, magnitude, extent; power, might, greatness; importance, significance (of an issue or question) سترغلی stərγə́lay n-m · Eastern eye-socket, orbit; eyelid سترمني satrmaní n-f seclusion سترناب stərnā́b n-m ruler; (historical) satrap ستره satrá n-f curtain; shawl, veil; shelter, cover ستره کول — to hide, to cover; to conceal ستره sutrá adj clean, neat سترونده satrwánda adj living in seclusion, in a harem (of a woman) ستري وتري satrí-watrí adj tired, worn out سترپوښ satrpóṣ̌ adj indulging, pandering سترپوښي satrpoṣ̌í n-f indulgence, pandering سترکوکو stərkokó n-m sweetbrier سترګ خوږي stərgxwuẓ̌í n-f · medicine ophthalmia سترګ خوږی stərgxwuẓ̌áy adj suffering from ophthalmia سترګ رپ stərgráp n-m twinkling of an eye, instant سترګ وږی stərgwə́ẓ̌ay adj envious; greedy سترګبېجن stərgbeǰə́n adj attractive, nice, sweet سترګتوری stərgtóray adj starving, hungry سترګلينه stərglína n-f flirting, exchanging glances سترګن کوکو stərgə́n kokó n-m narcissus, daffodil سترګه stə́rga n-f eye; star; planet د سترګو تور — pupil (of an eye); the apple of the eye (endearing address to a son) د سترګي کاسه — eye-socket, orbit د لمر سترګه — the solar disk سترګه وال stərgawā́l adj seeing, able to see; big-eyed; observant (e.g., a writer) سترګه ورتوب stərgawartób n-m sharp-sightedness; vigilance سترګورتوب stərgawərtób n-m sight, ability to see; watchfulness سترګک stərgák n-m winking; twinkling, blinking (e.g., of a star) چا ته سترګکونه وهل — to wink at someone سترګۍ stərgə́y n-f (eye-)glasses; birth-mark, mole; sill (of a door); eye disease (in horses) ستری satráy n-m small haystack; bunch or sheaf of ears of corn سترۍ satrə́y n-f scratch, abrasion سترېدل stəredə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be large, big; to grow, to increase; to be important, to be significant ستغ stəγ n-m steep climb, precipice; road through a mountain pass; complication, difficulty; tart, astringent په ستغه لهجه — in a harsh tone ستغه لار — steep road ستغ stəγ n-m larva (of a botfly); abcess or boil caused by a larva (of a botfly) ستغه stə́γa n-f · anatomy rudeness, harsh word; problem; tonsil ستل sátl n-m pail, bucket ستل satə́l v · transitive to spread; to spread out; to level, to smooth out, to align ستم sitám n-m oppression; tyranny; insult, offense ستم stam n-m quickened breathing; muscle contractions (during childbirth or defecating) ستم وهل — to breath with quickened breath; to push (during labour or while trying to pass stool) ستم stam n-m eye (of a needle) ستما stamā́ n-f quickened breathing; shortness of breath ستمبر sitámbr n-m September ستمن stamə́n adj hospitable; decent, honest, respectable ستمن stamə́n adj fresh, green ستمی stamáy n-m ستم کول — to breathe with quickened breath ستمېدل stamedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to breathe heavily ستن stən n-f · figurative needle; awl; pin; syringe ستن پېيل — to thread a needle ستنوهل — to give an injection ستن لګول — to give an injection ستن به stənbá n-m someone giving an injection, vaccinator ستناو stənā́w adj hindering, holding back, slowing; obstacle ستناوه stənā́wa n-f respect, reverence ستندرد standárd n-m standard ستندرديزاسيون standardizāsyón n-m standardization ستنه staná n-f return په ستنه تلل — to go back, to return ستنول stənawə́l v · denominative; transitive to return, to give back; to detain someone or something; to direct, to turn, to fix (one’s gaze) ستنځی stənjáy n-m prison; stop, halt, station ستنک stənák n-m pin ستنېدل stanedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to return, to go back; to be delayed; to stay longer; to be directed, to be turned, to be fixed (of one’s gaze) سته stə n-m · plural Western existence, being; property سته sta misc · Western copula there is, there are په کور کې څوک سته؟ — Is there anyone in the house? سته من stamə́n adj wealthy, well-off, rich سته والی stawā́lay n-m existence, being ستو staw n-m (small) door; pore (on skin); gap, crack, slit; (small) hole ستو sətú n-m crumb; insignificant amount, bit; crushed mulberry ستوان satwā́n n-m · plural fried ground seeds (e.g., ground peas, crushed mulberry, nuts) ستوخی stúxay n-m shortness of breath, dyspnoea, short wind ستوديو studiyó n-f studio د راډيو ستوديو — radio studio ستور sutúr n-m draught animal (e.g., mule, horse) ستورپوه storpóh n-m astronomer ستورپوهي storpohí n-f astronomy ستورپېژاند storpežā́nd n-m astronomer; astrologer ستورپېژندتيا storpežandtyā́ n-f astronomy; astrology ستوری stóray n-m star; planet ستوغه stúγa n-f feminine singular ستوف stof n-m stove ستول satawə́l v · transitive to lower, to lessen; to belittle; to make (someone) sit down ستومانتيا stomāntyā́ n-f fatigue, tiredness, weariness ستومانه stomā́na adj tired, exhausted; disappointed; regretting ستومانه کوونکی stomā́na kawúnkay adj tiring, fatiguing; tedious, tiresome, boring ستومانول stomānawə́l v · denominative; transitive to make (someone) tired, to make (someone) exhausted ستوماني stomāní n-f tiredness, fatigue, exhaustion; regret, repentance; reluctance, unwillingness ستوماني اچول — to take a rest ستوماني ايستل — to take a rest ستومانېدل stomānedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to get tired, to get exhausted; to repent, to regret ستومی stúmay n-m eye (of a needle) ستون sutún n-m · military pole, post; column, line, row; column (e.g., in a newspaper, magazine); column (a vertical body of text) ستون stun adj who has returned, who has come back; delayed with را، در، ور ستونه stúna n-f return ستوني ستاک stunistā́k adv on one’s back, supine ستونيز stuníz adj · linguistics glottal, pharyngeal ستونځه stónja n-f anxiety, uneasiness, worry; obstacle; difficulties ستونی stúnay n-m larynx, throat له ستوني تېرول — to swallow, to gulp ستونېدنه stunedə́na n-f return, coming back ستوه stə́wa n-f dagger ستوک stok n-m stock(s), supplies; availability (of goods, etc.) ستوکل stokál adj insignificant, worthless; bad, evil, ill-disposed (of a person) ستي sti burned ستي کول — to burn alive ستي کېدل — to be burned alive ستيل stil n-m style ستړول stəṛawə́l v · denominative; transitive to make (someone) tried; to exhaust ستړيا stəṛyā́ n-f fatigue, exhaustion ستړيا اچول — to take a rest ستړی stə́ṛay adj tired, fatigued, exhausted; ending, coming to an end ستړې ورځ — the day coming to an end ستړی مسې stə́ṛay-máse n-f greeting د چا سره ستړی مسې کول — to exchange greetings with someone ستړېدل stəṛedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to get tired, to get exhausted ستګ stəg n-m pin ستۍ satə́y n-f sati (a widow who burns herself together with the body of her husband) ستۍ stəy n-f · botany fumaria ستېتوسکوپ stetoskóp n-m · medicine stethoscope ستېزه stéza n-f plateau; level place on the slope of a mountain ستېزه stezá n-f argument, dispute; fighting, struggle; enmity; injustice ستېزه کول — to argue, to dispute; to fight, to struggle, to quarrel سجاده saǰǰādá n-f prayer rug; temple, chapel سجاده نشين saǰǰādanišín n-m head imam in a holy place سجده siǰdá n-f · religion sijda (bowing to the ground, prostrating) سجده کول — to bow to the ground, to prostrate oneself سجع saǰʿ n-f rhymed prose سجل siǰíl n-m record, register; registration form; track record سجيه saǰiyá n-f inborn characteristic, innate quality, character Plura: سجايا — saǰāyā́ m. سجيوي saǰiyawí adj inborn, innate سحار sahā́r n-m sunrise, morning dawn; early morning سحار وختي — at dawn نن سحار — this morning په لوی سحار — early in the morning سحر sihr n-m witchcraft, sorcery, magic سحرکول — to conjure سحرآمېز sihrāméz adj magic(al), miraculous سحرآمېزه sihrāméza adj magic(al), miraculous سحرخېز saharxéz adj getting up early, at dawn سحرمال saharmā́l n-m sunrise, dawn, daybreak; at sunrise, at dawn سحري sihrí adj marvelous, magical, enchanting سحرګر sihrgár n-m sorcerer, magician, wizard, charmer; charming, bewitching (of a look or glance) سخ səx n-m happiness, luck; good fortune, success !سخ دي شه — I wish you good luck! سخ sax int Bravo!, Wonderful!, Excellent! سخا saxā́ n-f generosity, big heart, magnanimity سخا sxā adj rotten, decayed; foul, spoiled; rancid; festering سخات saxā́t n-m funeral banquet, funeral repast سخات sxāt n-m miscarriage, abortion سخاتوب sxātób n-m rottenness; foulness سخاتيا sxātyā́ n-f rottenness; foulness سخافت saxāfát n-m stupidity; foolishness; unconvincingness سخالين saxālín n-m Sakhalin سخاوت saxāwát n-m generosity, magnanimity, big heart سخاوت کول — to be generous, to be magnanimous سخاوږه sxā́wẓ̌a n-f · botany sweet cyperus, galingale, Cyperus longus; sweet flag, muskrat root, Acorus calamus سخاټه sxā́ṭa n-f flat nose سخت saxt adj hard, strong, firm; rigid, stiff; difficult, heavy; troublesome; strict, stern; severe, cold سخت ژمی — a severe winter سخت جرم — a serious crime سخت دل saxtdíl adj cruel, heartless, cold-hearted سخت زړی saxtzə́ṛay adj cruel, heartless, cold-hearted سخت سر saxtsár steadfast, stable, firm, unshakable; persistent, stubborn, insistent; strong, enduring سخت سري sakhtsarí n-f steadfastness, firmness; persistence, stubbornness, insistence; endurance, strength, stamina سخت سری saxtsáray adj with a tough temper سخت مزاجه saxtmizā́ǰa adj severe, stern, with a tough temper سخت ګير saxtgír adj severe, stern; strict, demanding سختاړ saxtā́ṛ n-m boiled rice porridge; thin gruel سختاړول saxtāṛawə́l v · denominative; transitive to boil (until) soft, to overcook (e.g., porridge, gruel) سختاړېدل saxtāṛedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be boiled soft, to be overcooked (e.g., porridge, gruel) سخته sáxta n-f hardships, deprivations, difficulties; poverty; trouble, problem; very, extremely feminine singular سختوالی saxtwā́lay n-m د زړه سختي — cruelty, brutality سختول saxtawə́l v · denominative; transitive to make hard, to make rigid; to make severe, to harden, to embitter; to fasten, to secure, to fix; to make difficult, to trouble سختي saxtí n-f hardness; toughness; difficulty; trouble, problem; misfortune; sternness, severity سختېدل saxtedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to get hard, to become firm, to get stronger; to become difficult; to become stressful (of life); to become severe, to become stern, to embitter سخر sxər n-m father-in-law سخر sxar n-m stone, rock سخر sxar adj petrified, hardened سخره sxára n-f stone, rock سخره غوټه sxə́ra γúṭa n-f (type of complex knot) سخرګنۍ sxərganə́y n-f in-laws, affinals سخری sxaráy adj persistent, steadfast سخن suxún n-m word, speech سخن səxə́n adj happy; lucky, fortunate سخن آرا suxanārā́ adj eloquent سخن آرايي suxanārāí n-f eloquence سخن آور suxanāwár adj eloquent; poet سخن دان suxandā́n adj smart, intelligent (of a person); poet; writer, man of letters سخن ساز suxansā́z n-m windbag, chatterbox; deceiver, cheat, swindler, liar سخن فهم suxanfáhm suxanfáhma; smart, clever, bright, quick-witted سخن چين suxančín n-m gossip, scandal-monger; snitch سخه sə́xa n-f malicious joy; malice, spite; vindictiveness سخه پخول — to gloat سخهار səxahā́r n-m rustle (of the wind); whistle, whizz of a bullet سخواړ sxwāṛ adj with or having a flat nose, with a nose like a duck سخوتن sxutə́n n-m hot ashes سخور səxəwár adj happy; lucky, fortunate سخوندر sxwandár n-m bull-calf سخوندره sxwandə́ra n-f heifer سخوندرکی sxwəndarkáy n-m calf سخوندرکۍ sxwəndarkə́y n-f heifer سخوټ sxwəṭ n-m crooked club; fat man سخوښتی sxwəṣ̌táy n-m shuttle (weaving); corner (of the mouth) سخي saxí adj · proper name generous, magnanimous; Sakhi سخيف saxíf adj unconvincing, weak; empty, frivolous, light-hearted سخړه sə́xṛa n-f embryo سخړه sxə́ṛa n-f team of diggers (digging a kariz); strap, harness rope (of a plough) سخکوره səxkóra n-f double-sided ax سخکی səxkáy n-m whistle, whizz of a bullet سخی sxay n-m calf, bull-calf دريابي سخی — seal سخۍ sxəy n-f heifer سد səd n-m consciousness, sense, feeling; understanding; intellect, reason بې سده کېدل — to lose consciousness, to faint سد sad n-m wall; dam, weir, dyke; curtain; obstacle سدره sádra n-f gifts or tributes to a sayyid سدرۍ sadrə́y n-f vest; jerkin سدس suds n-m one sixth (part) of something سدني sídni n-m Sidney سده suddá n-f · medicine hindrance, obstacle; bolt, lock (in a door); blockage, obstruction, clot, thrombosis سده sudá adj pure, uncontaminated; genuine, real سدوبد sədubə́d n-m consciousness سدوزي sadozí n-m · plural the Sadozay tribe (a branch of the Durani tribe from which the rulers of Afghanistan in the 18th and early 19th centuries originated) سدوزی sadozáy n-m Sadozai (member of the Sadozay tribe) سدول sadwál n-m short person; shorty, little one سدکاو sədkā́w n-m indigestion; diarrhoea سدۍ sədə́y n-f century د سديو کېدل — to grow old سر sar n-m · classifier; figurative head; head (for counting cattle); chief, leader; director; front part, forepart of something شل سره مال — twenty head of cattle د اوبو په سر — on water د مياشتي په سر کې — at the beginning of the month سر sir n-m secret سر ساتل — to keep a secret سر ويل — to reveal a secret سر فاش کول — to reveal a secret سر sur n-m · music note; key سر محقق sarmuhaqqáq n-f senior researcher سر پوړ sarpóṛ n-m top floor سراب sarā́b n-m mirage literal and figurative سراج sirā́ǰ n-m lamp, lantern سراج sarrā́ǰ n-m harness maker, saddler سراجي sarrāǰí n-f harness-maker’s craft, saddlery سرارو sarārú n-m artery سراسر sarāsár n-m juniper سراسر sarāsár adv from start to finish; completely, all over سراسيمه sarāsimá adj confused, perplexed, at a loss; hurrying; fussy, bustling سراسيمګي sarāsimagí n-f confusion, perplexity; haste, hurry سراغ surā́γ n-m search, investigation; questioning, interrogation; track, footprint; sign, mark; token سراغ پيداکول — to search for; to make inquiries; to find tracks; to find out; to detect سراغ ايستل — to search for; to make inquiries; to find tracks; to find out; to detect سراغي surāγí n-m detective سرافسر sarāfsár n-m · regional garrison commander, post commander سرانجام sarānǰā́m n-m outcome, end, finish (of some matter) سرانجنير sarinǰinir n-m chief engineer سرانداز sarāndā́z n-m headboard (of a bed); large carpet on the floor سرانه sarāná n-f lintel; cross-piece, bridge سراو sarā́w n-m upper reaches of a river, headwaters of a river سراوره srā́wra n-f sweets, candy (sent by the bridegroom to the bride’s house on the seventh day of the wedding) سراوړه srā́wṛa n-f crowd; gathering (of people) سرايت sirāyát n-m infection; penetration سرايت کول — to infect; to transmit an infection و يو شي ته سرايت کول — to penetrate into something, to infiltrate into something; to spread to something سرايښی saríṣ̌ay adj submissive; subjugated, subdued سراچه sarāčá n-f small house, wing (of a building) سراښ srāṣ̌ adj greedy, miserly, stingy سراښتوب srāṣ̌tób n-m greediness, miserliness; stinginess سراښول srāṣ̌awə́l v · denominative; transitive to make greedy, to make stingy سراښېدل srāṣ̌edə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be greedy, to be stingy سرای srāy n-m caravansary, inn; large house, detached house, mansion, penthouse د دنيا سرای — mortal world (as opposed to the eternal world of the hereafter) سرای خواجه sarā-yi-xoǰá n-m Saray Khoja (settlement to the north of Kabul) سرای دار sarāydā́r n-m owner of a caravanasary, innkeeper; palace attendant سرای والا sarāywālā́ n-m owner of a caravanasary, innkeeper سرای وان sarāywā́n n-m owner of a caravanasary, innkeeper سرب srab n-m · medicine remedy (against disease); healing سرب srab adj purplish-red, burgundy سربادی sarbādáy adj mad, crazy; talking nonsense سرباز sarbā́z adj · rare bold, courageous, selfless; courageous man; patriot; soldier د وطن سرباز — patriot سربازي sarbāzí n-f courage, selflessness, daring, boldness د سربازۍ ميدان — the battlefield, the arena of combat سربانده sarbā́nda n-f · agriculture strip of land at the edge of a field; the sloped top layer of a duval (mud or clay wall); missed or poorly processed spot in a field after ploughing or sowing; the front part of a bridge سربانډۍ sarbānḍə́y n-f yoke straps, harness (of a plough); rawhide strap سرباڼه sarbā́ṇa n-f yoke straps, harness (of a plough); rawhide strap سربدال sarbədā́l adj suffering from dizziness or vertigo; confused, bewildered, messed up سربدال کول — to confuse, to bewilder سربدالتيا sarbədāltyā́ n-f dizziness, vertigo; confusion, perplexity سربدالي sarbədālí n-f dizziness, vertigo; confusion, perplexity سربدل sarbədál adj sacrificed سربر sarbúr adj with cut branches; cutting branches, trimming branches سربر کول — to cut branches سربراه sarbarā́h adj getting ready to travel, preparing for a trip; leaving for somewhere سربراه کول — to start doing something سربسته sarbastá adj closed; sealed; corked; whole, unbroken, untouched; small turban; scarf, kerchief سربفلک sarbafalák adj high (of a mountain) سربلند sarbulánd adj · proper name proud, important; Sarbuland سربلندي sarbulandí n-f loftiness; height; pride; importance سربمهر sarbamúhr adj sealed up سربند sarbánd n-m headband; rope (used as the base in weaving nets for straw); main gate of an aryk (irrigation ditch); upper reaches, headwaters (of a river) سربه sarbá adj thick, fat سربه srabá n-f corpse; carrion سربه کول — to slaughter سربي serbí adj Serbian; Serb سربيه sarbáya n-f cost price, cost of production سربډاګه sarbəḍā́ga carefree, light-hearted; wasteful, extravagant سربېرن sarberə́n adj superficial literal and figurative سربېره sarbéra adv from above, above; besides something; upper, top;; victorious سربېره په دې چه — besides that, likewise سرت sərát n-m body سرتاسر sartāsár adv from one end to the other; from edge to edge د دنيا پهسرتاسر کې — in the whole world سرترسره sartərsára adv all, completely, entirely; from edge to edge سرترپايه sartərpā́ya adv all, completely, entirely; from edge to edge سرتمبه sartambá adj opposing, counteracting; stubborn, resistant سرتمبکي sartambəkí n-f obstinacy, stubbornness; persistence سرتناو sartanā́w n-m string of snares and nets سرتور sartór adj uncovered (of the head); defenseless, unprotected سرتور سر — with an uncovered head, bareheaded !سرتوره مه سې — Long live your husband! (woman’s wish) سرتوره sartóra adj widow feminine singular سرتوروالی sartorwā́lay n-m shame, disgrace سرتورول sartorawə́l v · denominative; transitive to disgrace سرتوري sartorí n-f shame, disgrace; widowhood سرتورېدل sartoredə́l v · denominative; intransitive to disgrace oneself سرتورېدل sartoredə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be widowed, to become a widow سرتير sar-i-tír adv quickly, fast, soon, straight off سرتيپ sartip n-m · history general سرتړلی sartaṛə́lay adj closed, covered; sealed up; nomad سرتړونی sartaṛúnay adj covering the head سرتړونی دسمال — head scarf سرتړوکی sartaṛúkay n-m headband سرتېر sartér adj courageous, brave; devoted; selfless سرتېره sarterə́ adj pointed, spiky سرتېز sartéz adj pointed, spiky; hot, fiery; hot-tempered, quick-tempered سرج sarǰ n-m cheviot (cloth) سرجماعه sarǰamāʿá n-m · obsolete corporal سرجمع sarǰámʿa n-f sum total, total amount سرجه sə́rǰa n-f frozen snow crust; riding on a toboggan سرجي sarǰí adj (made of) cheviot سرحد sarhád n-m border, limit, boundary; borderland آزاد سرحد — frontier of Pashtun independent tribes د سرحد محافظ — border guard, border patrol تر سرحد تېرېدل — to cross the border سرحددار sarhaddā́r n-m commander of the border patrol سرحدي sarhadí adj frontier, border; demarcation سرحدي تاڼه — border outpost سرحدي کميسيون — demarcation commission سرخ surx adj red used in compounds سرخ باد surxbā́d n-m · medicine erysipelas سرخ رويي surxruí n-f honour, respect; good reputation سرخ روی surkhrúy adj respected, esteemed; famous, glorious سرخ وپارسا surxupārsā́ n-f Surkh-o-Parsa (district) سرخار sarxā́r n-m thorny hedge سرخانه sarxāná n-f household tax سرخانۍ sarxānə́y n-f camel stall سرخاو surxā́w n-m Surkhab (the name of some rivers); ruddy shelduck سرخرينه sarxrəyə́na n-f · ethnography shaving the head (of a child) سرخس sarxás n-m fern وني وال سرخس — tree fern سرخط sarxát n-m headline; foreword, preface سرخه surxá adj beautiful, pretty, handsome; pale yellow with light tail and mane or chestnut (of an equine coat colour) سرخود sarxúd adj · rare independent, autonomous سرخوش sarxúš adj cheerful, vivacious; tipsy, drunk سرخوشي sarxuší n-f cheerful mood; intoxication سرخول sarxól n-m crown of a hat سرخوله sarxwála n-f crown of a hat سرخوړلی sarxwaṛə́lay adj perished, who sacrificed oneself سرخوږوونکی sarxuẓ̌awúnkay adj tiring, tedious, boring سرخوږي sarxuẓ̌í n-f headache; disturbance; trouble سرخوږېدل sarxuẓ̌edə́l n-m · plural headache; disturbance; trouble سرخي surxí n-f · medicine; figurative rust (also on the surface of plants); scrofula; ruddiness; blush (on the cheeks); crimson colour سرخچه surxčá n-f (species of apricot) سرخکه sarxáka n-f pink starling سرخی surxáy n-m horse with pale yellow or chestnus coat سرخۍ surxə́y n-f fringe; edge سرخېل sarxél n-m tribal leader, tribal chief سرد sard adj · rare cold; icy, frosty سردار sardā́r n-m · proper name leader; head; chief; military leader; Sardar (a title of the aristocracy); prince; Indian officer; captain; Sardar obsolete regional د سردار اعلی نښان — /history/ the Order of “Sardar-i ala” (Abb: س ، ا) د سردار عالي نښان — /history/ the Order of “Sardar-l ali” (Abb: س،ع) سردارو sardārú n-m mercury, quicksilver سرداري sardārí n-f supremacy; leadership, management; domination, reign سرداري کول — to dominate; to rule over سردارۍ sardārə́y n-f · proper name Sardaray سردانه sardāná n-f sources (of a river) سردرختي sardaraxtí n-f fruit; part of the garden with fruit trees سردرد sardárd n-m headache سردردي sardardí n-f trouble, worries, concern سردره sardará n-f upper part of a valley سردست sar-i-dást adj being at hand, being available; current, urgent سردسېر sardsér n-m cold zone, cold lands, countries with cold climate سرده sardá n-f cantaloupe, muskmelon سردوباره sardubārá adv anew, again, (all) over again سردي sardí n-f · rare cold, frost سررشته sarrištá n-f measure; job, post, position; connection; end, tip (of a thread, string or rope) سررشته کول — to take measures; to arrange, to organize سررشته نيول — to take measures; to arrange, to organize سررشته دار sarrištadā́r n-m finance manager of the district سررشته داري sarrištadārí n-f financial management of the district; finance manager of the district سرزمين sarzamín n-m country; territory سرزنش sarzaníš n-m reproach, rebuke; reprimand سرزوره sarzóra adj obstinate, stubborn; persistent; disobedient سرزوري sarzorí n-f obstinacy, stubbornness; persistence; disobedience سرزوري کول — to be stubborn; to persist سرزوری sarzóray adj obstinate, stubborn; persistent; disobedient سرزګی sarzəgáy n-m piece of leather (with which a jug is tied up) سرسام sarsā́m n-m · medicine delirium; fever; meningitis سرسايه sarsāyá n-f alms (given to the poor when breaking a fast); shawl, veil (given to a newly wed woman by her father on the last day of the wedding) سرسبز sarsábz adj green, in bloom, blossoming; fertile سرسبزه مځکه — fertile land سرسبزه علاقه — rich country سرسبزي sarsabzí n-f · figurative flowering, blossoming; planting of trees and shrubs; prosperity, flourishing سرسر sarsár n-m strong cold wind سرسر sarsár adj being on the surface or on top سرسرتوره sarsartóra adv bareheaded, without a veil سرسري sarsarí adj superficial, careless; external, outward, outer; simple, uncomplicated; light-hearted, carefree, unserious سرشاخي saršāxí n-f tax on small livestock سرشار saršā́r adj · poetic overfilled, full to the brim; cramed or stuffed with something; drunken, intoxicated سرشاري saršārí n-f · poetic abundance, excess; intoxication سرشانه saršāná n-f shoulder mark, rank slide, slip-on; epaulet سرشاهي saršāhí n-f unit of weight equal to 14 grams سرشت saríšt n-m · figurative; figurative mixture; nature; constitution, structure سرشته دار sarištadā́r n-m · Eastern court secretary سرشماري saršumārí n-f census, population count سرشمېر saršmér n-m census, population count سرشوخ saršóx adj cheerful, exuberant (of a person) سرطان saratā́n n-m · medicine crayfish; crab; cancer, carcinoma; the constellation Cancer; Saratan (the fourth month of the solar year; June–July) سرطبيب sartabíb n-m head physician (in a hospital) سرعت surʿát n-m speed, velocity; tempo, pace, rate سرغ sarγ n-m saddle سرغاړی sarγā́ṛay adj obstinate, stubborn; disobedient; rebel, insurgent, rioter سرغشی sarγášay n-m cane; rush, reed سرغندی sarγandáy n-m head, leader, chief سرغندي کسان — leaders, chiefs, heads سرغنه sarγaná n-m head, leader, chief سرغونډ sarγúnḍ n-m · medicine mumps سرغوچ sarγwə́č n-m sealing wax سرغوړ sarγwáṛ n-m pomade سرغټ مشر sarγaṭmə́šər n-m · history commander-in-chief سرغړونه sarγaṛawə́na n-f stubbornness, obstinacy; disobedience; rebellion, riot; uprising سرفرازي sarfarāzí n-f distinction; high position; greatness سرفه sarfá n-f profit, gain; advantage, benefit سرفه surfá n-f cough سرقت sariqát n-m theft; plagiarism سرقوماندان sarqumāndā́n n-m commander-in-chief سرقوماندانيت sarqumāndāniyát n-m supreme command سرله سره sarləsára adv anew, once again, (over) again سرلوحه sarlawhá n-f signboard; vignette سرلويي sarloyí n-f arrogance, swagger; conceit; pride سرلوړي sarlwaṛí n-f honour, respect, fame, glory سرلوړی sarlwáṛay adj worthy of honour and respect, deserving of honour and glory سرماتوک sarmātúk adj pugnacious, aggressive; pugnacious fellow سرماتوکه sarmātúka n-f pugnacious woman, pugnacious girl سرماتی sarmā́tay adj with hurt head, with bruised head سرماتی sarmātáy n-m the upper masonry of a wall; eaves سرمال sarmā́l n-m rope for tying a pack (on a pack animal) سرمال sarmā́l adj filled up to the brim (of a cup, bowl, etc.) سرمامور sarmāmúr n-m chief officer, senior officer سرماموريت sarmāmuriyát n-m police department (in a province) سرمايه sarmāyá n-f · economics capital سرمايه دار sarmāyadā́r n-m capitalist; wealthy, rich سرمايه داري sarmāyadārí n-f capitalism; capitalist سرمشق sarmášq n-m example, model, pattern; exercise سرمعلم sarmuʿallím n-m senior teacher; senior instructor سرمغزن sarmaγzə́n adj talkative; crazy (caused by chattering and noise) سرمغزنول sarmaγzənawə́l v · denominative; transitive to drive (someone) crazy (with noise or chattering) سرمغزنېدل sarmaγzənedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to go crazy (because of noise or chattering) سرمقاله sarmaqālá n-f editorial (article) سرمنشي sarmunší n-m · history chief of the king’s personal office سرمه surmá n-f antimony, stibium سرمه ئي surmaí adj dark blue سرمښکۍ sarmuṣ̌kə́y n-f lizard سرنا surnā́ n-f · music zurna; oboe سرنامه sarnāmá n-f address; title page سرناچي surnāčí n-m zurna or oboe player سرنجه srə́nǰa n-f sediment (when melting butter) سرنوشت sarnawíšt n-m lot, fate; destiny, fortune سرنيکه sərnikə́ n-m great-great-grandfather سرنګ suráng n-m underground passage, tunnel; mine سرنګ وهل — to dig an underground passage د سيند سرنګ — torpedo سرنګ اچوونکې بېړۍ — torpedo boat سرنګ suráng n-m chestnut سرنګ پراني surangparāní n-f blasting operations, explosive works سرنګون sarnigún adj overturned; fallen, shot down, brought down (of a plane) سرنګی sarangáy n-m corridor, hallway, lobby سرنی saranáy upper, located above, from above, on the surface of something سرنۍ برخه — the upper part (e.g., of a page) سرنېزه sarnezá n-f three-edge bayonet, triangular bayonet; dagger bayonet سره sə́ra n-f with, together with (postposition) manure, dung; fertilizer زمکي ته سره اچول — to fertilize the soil سره sra n-f with, together with (postposition) corpse; carrion; sandy knoll; sand hill, dune سره srə adj · plural with, together with (postposition) gold, gold money masculine plural سره کول — heat up سره sra adj with, together with (postposition) gold coin, gold piece feminine singular سره sará adv with, together with (postposition) together; with each other, with one another; to each other, to one another; completely, entirely, fully; with, together with; at, by, near, close to; after, upon in combination with the preposition د; in combination with the preposition د د رسېدو سره — upon arriving د راپور سره سم — according to the report سره له دې چې ... — despite, in spite of, although سره sará adj with, together with (postposition) pure, clean, uncontaminated سره sará adj with, together with (postposition) harnessed (of an ox) سره بانجڼ srə bānǰáṇ n-m · plural tomatoes سره زر srə zár n-m · plural gold; gold pieces سره غاړه sra γā́ṛa n-f · anatomy pharynx سره غورځکه sra γurjə́ka n-f large spark; bright flame سره مخه sra mə́xa n-f · medicine erysipelas سره و زرغونه sra-u-zarγuná n-f rainbow سره و شنه sra-u-šná n-f rainbow سره ورتوب srəwartób n-m width; breadth; spaciousness سره وله sra wə́la n-f species of willow (Salix songarica) سره کېده srə kedə́ n-m · plural frying, roasting; melting (of lard) سرهار surəhā́r n-m sound, noise (of the wind) سرهوا sarhawā́ adj conceited, haughty, arrogant, vain سرهوا خبره — nonsense, rubbish سرو sarw n-m cypress (tree) سرواخی sarwā́xay adj obstinate, stubborn, disobedient سروانی sarwānáy n-m · plural member of the Sarvanai tribe; Sarvanai (tribe) سرواښ sarwā́ṣ̌ n-m tether (e.g., for an ox) سرواښی sarwā́ṣ̌ay n-m tether (e.g., for an ox) سروب srob adv quite, entirely, completely سروتن sarután adj identical, equal (of the score) سروتن رسېدل — to be allocated equally سرود saród n-m song; melody سرودي sarodí n-m singer سرودګو sarodgó n-m singer; musician سرودګويي sarodguí n-f singing سرودګوی sarodgóy n-m singer; musician سرور surúr n-m joy, fun, amusement سرور sarwár n-m · proper name leader, head; Sarvar سرورخ sarwárx n-m · figurative headwork of a canal, intake structure of a canal; confluence of two rivers; source; beginning, first stage سروره sarwára n-f · proper name Sarwara سروري sarwarí n-f management, rule; power, domination سروری sarwaráy n-m load (on an animal) سروزنه sarwázna n-f trouser waistband (for a drawstring); fringe (on women’s shalwar) سروسامان sarusāmā́n n-m property; belongings, things سروشان sarwšā́n adj slim as a cypress, graceful سروغل sroγə́l v · transitive to trouble; to baffle, to confuse سرولم sarulə́m n-m beginning سروه sárwa n-f cypress (tree) سروور sarwór n-m sweets (brought by the bridegroom to the bride’s house) سرويس sarwís n-m · colloquial; sports maintenance, service; communication, connection (transport); bus; serve, serving هوايي سروېس — airline د موټر د حمل او نقل سروېس — automobile communication, road transport connection سرويل sroyə́l v · transitive to beat (fleas, etc.) سروپا sarupā́ n-m (ceremonial or honorary) robe; form head to toe سروپای sarupā́y n-m (ceremonial or honorary) robe; form head to toe سروکار sarukā́r n-m relation, connection له ... سره سروکار نه لرل — to have nothing to do with … سروکال sarukā́l adv all year round سروې sarwéy n-m research, study; geological prospecting, pre-mining; topographic survey سروېږد sarwéẓ̌d n-m pillow سري sirrí adj secret سري صاف sirisā́f n-m sort of muslin سري ورخ sariwárx n-m upper reaches, headwaters (of a river); start (of a work or project) سرياني suryāní adj · rare Syrian سريع saríʿ adj quick, fast, rapid, swift سريع السير sariʿ-as-sáyr adj high-speed, fast, fast-moving سريع آتش sariʿātáš adj rapid-firing, quick-firing سريعانه sariʿāná adj fast, rapid; hasty سرينده srindá n-f · poetic violin, fiddle; lyre سرينده وهل — to play the violin سرينده مار srindamā́r n-m violinist, fiddler سريندوال srindawā́l n-m violinist, fiddler سريه saryá n-f rise, rising (of the sun) سريه وهل — to rise (of the sun) سريښ sriṣ̌ n-m glue; stickiness سريښن sriṣ̌ə́n adj sticky; viscous سريښناک sriṣ̌nā́k adj sticky; viscous سريښنه sríṣ̌na n-f · anatomy cotyloid cavity, acetabulum سريښول sriṣ̌awə́l v · denominative; transitive to glue, to stick سريښېدل sriṣ̌edə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be stuck, to be glued; to stick together; to cling سرټيټه sarṭíṭa adj ashamed, abashed سرټيټه کول — to shame سرټيټی sarṭíṭay adj pig, hog, swine, boar; (obscene word) سرپ srəp n-m coniferous tree; pine سرپ srəp n-m · plural lead (metal) سرپ surúp adv completely, entirely; only, just, merely سرپاږي sarpā́ẓ̌i n-m · plural the Sarpagay (a tribe) سرپاږی sarpā́ẓ̌ay n-m facial swelling; puffiness سرپاږی sarpā́ẓ̌ay n-m Sarpagai (the member of the tribe) سرپرست sarparást n-m patron; trustee, guardian; leader, manager سرپرستي sarparastí n-f patronage, protection; trusteeship, guardianship; leadership, management سرپرستي کول — to lead, to manage, to be a leader, to be a manager سرپرې کړی sarprekə́ṛay adj beheaded سرپطنوسي sarpatnusí n-f napkin for a tray سرپل saripúl n-m Sar-i-pul د سرپل بازار — Saripul market (in Kabul) سرپناه sarpanā́h n-m home, shelter; refuge, asylum; haven سرپناهي sarpanāhí n-f cover, protection سرپه چېړۍ sarpəčeṛə́y adv upside down; down, downwards; confused, perplexed; stunned سرپول srəpawə́l v · transitive to flap (one’s wings) سرپوټه sarpúṭa n-f girl; unmarried woman سرپوښ sarpóṣ̌ n-m · technology lid, cover; valve (of the heart); cap, head سرپوښلی sarpoṣ̌ə́lay adj covered, indoor سرپين sərpín adj (made of) lead سرپټ sarpə́ṭ adj hidden; covered; hiding one's head سرپړکمشر sarpaṛkmə́šər n-m · military sergeant major د سرپړکمشر معاون — senior sergeant سرپښتۍ sarpuṣ̌tə́y n-f fillet (from the middle part of a ram’s carcass) سرپی srəpáy n-m (sound of birds’ wings in flight) سرپېدل srəpedə́l v · intransitive to flap (one’s wings) سرځوړ sarjwə́ṛ adj descending, going down سرځوړه sarjwáṛa n-f slope, incline سرځی sarjáy n-m front part سرڅه sarcá adj · dialectal cold, cool, chilly; frosty, icy سرڅوړي sarcuṛí n-f shame; embarrassment سرڅوړی sarcúṛay shy, embarrassed; with bowed head; ashamed سرڅېړه sarceṛá adv immediately, directly سرچمه sarčumá n-f · usually plural shot, pellet (of a gun) سرچينه sarčiná n-f · figurative upper reaches, headwaters (of a river); spring, source (of water); source, origin سرچپه sarčapá adj overturned, reversed, inverted سرژه səržá n-f female mouflon سرک sarák n-m way, road; street پوخ سرک — roadway, pavement; highway لوی سرک — highway سرک نيول — to leave, to set off, to hit the road سرکاتب sarkātíb n-m secretary د اوراقو سرکاتب — archivist; office manager سرکار sarkā́r n-m · regional government; estate, dominion; district made up of several parganas (administrative unit consisting of several villages or towns); chief, leader, head سرکار sarkā́r n-m work, business; valid, in force, in effect (of a law) سرکاري sarkārí adj state, government(al); public (of a building, etc.); management, supervision سرکاري ملازم — civil servant, government employee سرکاڼی sarkāṇáy n-m · plural member of the Sarkanay tribe; Sarkanay (tribe) سرکتابت sarkitābát n-m position of the executive manager; position of the head secretary سرکرده sarkardá n-m leader, chief; manager; senior, elder سرکردګي sarkardagí n-f supremacy, control, leadership; management سرکس sirkás n-m circus سرکسازي saraksāzí n-f road building سرکشاده sarkušādá adj open (of a letter) سرکشاده مکتوب — open letter سرکلی sarkaláy n-m · Eastern (child’s) first haircut سرکنده sarkə́nda adv headlong, very quickly, very fast سرکنده تېرېدل — to run headlong سرکنډی sarkunḍáy n-m child’s lock of hair (left as a vow) سرکنډۍ sarkunḍə́y n-f girl whose hair has been cut سرکنډۍ sarkanḍə́y n-f girl whose fiancé has died before the wedding سرکه sirká n-f vinegar سرکوب sarkób adj towering above, dominating (a territory); overseer, supervisor سرکوزي sarkuzí n-f humiliation سرکوزی sarkúzay n-m · obscene swine, hog, boar; pig, scoundrel, villain سرکول sarkwə́l adv upside down سرکول درېدل — to stand on one’s head سرکول اوښتل — to turn sommersaults سرکول کېدل — to turn sommersaults سرکول sarkól n-m bowl (of a hookah); bucket (of a mill) سرکونډۍ sarkunḍə́y n-f turning sommersaults سرکټ sarkíṭ n-m circuit (electrical) لنډ سرکټ — short circuit سرکښ sarkáṣ̌ adj obstinate, stubborn; disobedient; shabrack, shabraque, saddlecloth سرکښته sarkṣ̌ə́ta adj with head bowed, meek, humble سرکښته ځواب ورکول — to give a humble answer سرکښي sarkaṣ̌í n-f obstinacy, stubbornness; disobedience; riot سرکښي کول — to be obstinate; to riot د چا د فرمان څخه سرکښي کول — to disobey someone’s order سرکی surkay n-m whistling, howling (of the wind) سرکۍ surkə́y n-f cherry سرکۍ sərkə́y n-f lady beetle, ladybug, ladybird سرګذشت sarguzášt n-m adventure, event, happening; narration, story سرګردان sargardā́n adj upset; worried, anxious; wandering په يو شي پسي سرګردان — seeking something, being restless in pursuit of something سرګردانول sargardānawə́l v · denominative; transitive to disturb, to embarrass; to upset سرګرداني sargardāní n-f grief, sorrow; confusion, anxiety, uneasiness; distress سرګرم sargárm adj keen on something; ardent, fervent; energetic سرګرمي sargarmí n-f keenness, attraction; ardour, fervour; enthusiasm سرګروه sarguróh n-m leader, guide; head of a group سرګشته sargaštá adj suffering from dizziness or vertigo; mentally challenged; confused, bewildered سرګشتګي sargaštagí n-f vertigo, dizziness, giddiness سرګله sargalá n-f tax on pasturing (per head of livestock) سرګلوله sargalúla n-f warhead سرګړی sərgə́ṛay n-m cypress grass, Cyperus; beard grass, Andropogon (a cereal) سری sə́ray n-m · medicine measles سری sə́ray n-m · botany tamarisk, salt cedar, taray (Tamarix) سرۍ sarə́y n-f team hitch, joint team (combined harnessing of several pairs of animals, e.g., horses or oxen, for agricultural or heavy labour purposes); team of oxen سرۍ sərə́y n-f head of a hookah; shabrack, saddle cloth سرۍ srəy n-f cherry (fruit and tree) سرې sre adj · plural gold pieces; gold feminine plural سرې مۍ sremə́y n-f lentil سرې ورې sərewəré adj obvious, evident, clear سزا sazā́ n-f punishment و چا ته سزا ورکول — to punish someone څوک په سزا رسول — to teach someone a lesson سزاوار sazāwā́r adj worthy of something; proper, appropriate د يو شي سزاوار کېدل — to deserve something, to be worthy of something سزاول sazāwúl n-m · history tax collector; estate manager سزاياب sazāyā́b adj · Eastern law convicted سزنی sazə́nay n-m needles (of fir trees) سست sust adj weak, feeble; slow, sluggish; listless, languid; lazy; loosely stretched (of a rope, etc.) سست انکشاف sustinkišā́f adj least developed (of a country) سست پست sust-pust adj very weak, quite feeble; completely lethargic سستم sistém n-m system; network (e.g., telephone) سسته sústa adj · regional delaying, procrastination; missing feminine singular سستوالی sustwā́lay n-m weakness; lethargy, sluggishness; laziness سستول sustawə́l v · denominative; transitive to weaken, to relax, to slacken; to loosen (a rope, etc.) سستي sustí n-f weakness, helpnessness, vulnerability; sluggishness; slowness; carelessness, negligence سستېدل sustedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to become weak; to be sluggish, to be listless; to be lazy; to be loosened (of a rope, etc.); to fade (away), to die out (of a noise) سسلي sisilí n-f Sicily سسول sasawúl v transitive dialectal سسپار saspā́r n-m ploughshare سسپارکودی saspārkodáy n-m · Eastern tool bag, tool kit سسپور saspór n-m hoe (agricultural tool) سسکوره səskóra n-f rocky terrain سسی sə́say n-m · botany saxaul, Haloxylon سشکله saškə́la n-f always, constantly; every time سطح sath n-f surface; level literal and figurative سطح مرتفع — /sáth-i-…/ plateau د بحر د سطحي څخه — above sea level سطحي sathí adj superficial; groundless, unfounded سطحي معلومات — superficial knowledge سطر satr n-m line; line (of a text), bar; row, series سطرکښل — to draw a line سطرنج satránǰ n-m chess د سطرنج تخته — chess board سطرنجي satranǰí n-f satrangi (a rug fabric) سطري satrí adj by the line, line by line سطرکش satrkáš n-m ruler (drawing instrument) سطل satl n-m bucket, pail سعادت saʿādát n-m · proper name happiness, bliss; prosperity; well-being; Saadat سعادت مني saʿādatmaní n-f happiness; prosperity; success; well-being سعد saʿd adj · proper name “a fortunate alignment of stars”, “lucky star”; favourable sign, propitious sign; happiness, prosperity; Saad سعد suʿúd n-m nut grass, coco-grass, Cyperus rotundus سعودي saʿudí adj Saudi سعودي عرب — Saudi Arabia سعودي عربستان — Saudi Arabia سعودي عربيه — Saudi Arabia سعيد saʿíd adj · proper name happy, fortunate; favourable; Said, Saeed سعير saʿír n-m hell, hades, inferno سعی sáʿya n-f effort, endeavour سعی او زيار کول — to make efforts, to strive سغ səγ n-m whistle, whiz (of a bullet); sound of wings (of birds flying) سغل səγə́l n-m · medicine dyspepsia; indigestion سغهار səγahā́r n-m sniffling, snuffle; whistle, whizzing (of a bullet) سغهار لرل — to whistle, to whiz (of a bullet) سغول səγawə́l v · transitive to pierce, to prick; to punch, to stab; to throw, to toss, to fling; to shoot (a bullet) سغی suγáy n-m sniffling, snuffle (through the nose) سغېدل səγedə́l v · intransitive to be pierced, to be punched; to whistle, to whiz (of a bullet) سفارت sifārát n-m embassy; duties of an ambassador سفارتخانه sifāratxāná n-f embassy, embassy building; (ambassador’s) residence سفارش sifāríš n-m commission, assignment; instructions; order سفاک saffā́k adj bloodthirsty; bloodsucker; villain سفاکي saffākí n-f bloodthirstiness; incurability (of a disease) سفر safár n-m · military; figurative journey, trip, voyage; way; wartime; campaign; “the final journey”, death د سفر شيان — baggage, luggage د سفراسباب — baggage, luggage په سفر تلل — to o go on a journey سفربر safarbár adj · also military mobilized سفربري safarbarí n-f · military getting ready for a journey; mobilization عمومي سفربري — full-scale mobilisation د يوې برخي سفربري — partial mobilization سفرخرڅ safarxárc n-m travel expenses; travel allowance سفرمينا safarmiynā́ n-m sappers, combat engineers plural regional د سفرمينا پلټنه — combat engineer battalion سفرنامه safarnāmá n-f travel diary سفره sufrá n-f · anatomy anus سفري safarí adj travel, road; field, expeditionary; journey, trip, travel; provisions for the road سفلي suflí adj lower; low, base, mean سفليس siflís n-m · medicine syphilis سفوف safúf n-m · medicine powder سفير safír n-m ambassador لوی سفير — ambassador سفير کبير — /safír-i-…/ ambassador سفېد saféd adj · rare; in compounds white سفېدار safedā́r n-m white poplar, silver poplar, Populus alba; wood of the white or silver poplar سفېده safidá n-f · rare poplar; white (of an egg), egg white; white pigment سفېدپوش safedpóš adj dressed in white; wealthy person سفېدکوه safedkóh n-m Safed Kokh (the name of various mountain ranges) سقا saqā́ n-m water carrier سقاو saqā́w n-m water carrier سقاوه saqqāwá n-f swimming pool; cold bath سقر saqár n-m hell, hades, inferno سقف saqf n-m · figurative ceiling; roof; firmament سقف پوشي saqfpoší n-f ceiling سقلات saqlā́t n-m red fabric سقوط suqút n-m fall, collapse; breakdown, disintegration; death, destruction; defeat الوتکي ته سقوط ورکول — to shoot down a plane سقيم saqím adj sick, ill, unhealthy; incorrect, wrong, false سل sil n-m tuberculosis د سږيو سل — pulmonary tuberculosis د هډوکو سل — bone tuberculosis سل sal n-m raft (floating structure for travel over water) سل səl quantifier (one) hundred دوه سوه — two hundred سل کاله — century سل کلن səlkalán adj centenary, centennial, century-old سل کلنی səlkalanáy adj centenary, centennial, century-old سلا salā́ n-f advice, recommendation; instruction سلابر salābúr n-m interest; profit سلابلا salābalā́ adv without reason; out of the blue سلاح silā́h n-f weapon, arms سلاح خانه silāhxāná n-f arms depot, weapon stare, arsenal سلاح کوټ silāhkoṭ n-m · obsolete stand, trestle (for rifles) سلارزی salārzáy n-m · plural Salarzay (member of the tribe); the Salarzay (a tribe in the Bajaur district) سلاره salārá n-f striped silk; shawl, veil سلارۍ salārə́y n-f striped silk; shawl, veil سلاسون salāsún n-m lynx سلاله sulālá n-f dynasty; progeny, offspring, descendants سلام salā́m n-m · proper name greeting(s); peace; Salam سلام عليکم salā́mʿaléykum misc greetings to you! (on meeting and parting); hello! سلامالېک salāmālék n-m exchange of pleasantries; exchange of greetings; nut grass, coco-grass, Cyperus rotundus سلامت salāmát n-m · attributive peace, tranquility; health; safe, sound; healthy; sufficient !سلامت اوسې — Good-bye! Be well! سلامتيا salāmatyā́ n-f peace, tranquility سلامي salāmí n-f greetings; salute (by guns); military parade سلاو slāw n-m Slav سلاوي slāwí adj Slavic, Slavonic سلايي səlāyí n-f · history small stick for applying antimony; large needle or stick (with which people pierced the eyes of their enemy); vertical axle of a saqiyah (water-lifting wheel); rod, stem سلاټه salāṭá n-f bulrush root (Typha); kind of tomato salad سلاکار salākā́r n-m advisor سلاګری salāgáray n-m advisor, counsellor سلب salb n-m taking away, depriving; denial, negation سلبول salbawə́l v · denominative; transitive to deprive, to take away سلبي salbí adj negative; passive سلبېدل salbedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be deprived of; to be lost سلحشور silahšór n-m fighter, soldier; martial, warlike سلحشور نجبا — knights, noble warriors سلحشوري silahšorí n-f bellicoseness, warlike character سلخ salx n-m last day of the lunar month سلدراج sildirā́ǰ n-m (men’s) long underwear سلسل بول silsil-i-báwl n-m · plural diabetes سلسلتاً silsilatán adv on command, by order; through the authorities سلسله silsilá n-f consistency; system; session; row; series; chain, line سلسيوس selsiyús n-m Celsius سلطان sultā́n n-m · proper name king; sultan; Sultan سلطانه saltā́na n-f · proper name Sultana سلطاني sultāní adj king’s, sultan’s, regal, royal سلطنت saltanát n-m sultanate, kingdom, monarchy kingdom, realm, sultanate; royal authority; sultan’s power سلطنتي saltanatí adj سلطنتي دربار — royal court سلطه sultá n-f power, authority; state, power سلف saláf n-m predecessor, forerunner, precursor; ancestor, forefather سلفر sulfúr n-m · plural sulfur سلم selám n-m · trade fixed-term transaction, business deal for the delivery of goods on a specific date سلم sələ́m quantifier · ordinal hundredth سلم sə́ləm n-m extended family, tribe سلمان salmā́n n-m · proper name Salman سلماني salmāní n-m barber سلمشر səlmə́šr n-m leader of one hundred people سلمه salmá n-f surprise, astonishment, amazement سلندر silíndr n-m cylinder سلنډه slánḍa n-f infertile woman سله sə́la n-f brick; ingot, billet, blank; casting (of metal) سله salá n-f · botany awn سله رېژی slaréžay n-m brick maker سلواغه salwāγá n-f bucket, pail سلوتري salotrí n-m · Eastern veterinary, veterinarian سلول selúl n-m · biology cell سلوک sulúk n-m mode, manner; treating someone, behavior in relation to someone سلوکي sulukí adj well-mannered, polite, courteous سلي پر salipár n-m slippers; railroad ties, crossties, railway sleepers سليت səlít adj full, filled سليخ slix n-m glue; viscosity, stickiness; stuck, adhered سليز səlíz adj · ordinal hundredth سليس salís adj clear, intelligible, easy to understand; expressive سليقه saliqá n-f taste (sense of the fine and elegant); inclination; attraction, affection سليم salím adj · proper name peaceful; gentle, meek, humble; well, unharmed, safe; Selim سليم الطبع salim-ut-tábʿ adj peaceful; gentle, meek, humble سليم العقل salim-ul-ʿáql adj of sound mind سليمان sulimā́n n-m · proper name Solomon; Suleiman کوه سليمان — /kóh-i…/ the Sulaiman Mountains د سليمان غر — the Sulaiman Mountains سليمان خېل suleymānxél n-m · plural the Suleimankheyl (a tribe); Suleimankheyl (member of the tribe) سليمانی sulimānáy n-m · history Suleimani (byname of the Pashtuns); hoopoe (bird) سليولوز selyulóz n-m cellulose سلټ saláṭ n-m shield; trench, entrenchment سلټه səlṭá n-f fortification, breastwork سلکليزه səlkalíza n-f centenary, centennial celebrations سلګ səlág n-m harvested wheat before threshing سلګۍ səlgə́y n-f death rattle; sobbing سلګېدل səlgedə́l v · intransitive to snort, to sniff سلی saláy n-m ring سلیزه səlíza n-f century سلۍ salə́y n-f ramrod; spit سلۍ sələ́y n-f pile, heap سلېت slet n-m slate (writing); roof shingle سلېخ ناک slextnā́k adj sticky; viscous سلېمانۍ slemānə́y n-f onyx (mineral) سم sam adj straight, direct, even; correct, true, real; honest, decent; concordant with something د ... سره سم — according to سم sum n-m hoof سم sam n-m poison, toxin سم دم samdám adv now, at once, immediately, instantly; directly; outright, on the spot; immediate سم لاسی samlā́say adj immediate, pressing, urgent; forthcoming سماسه samāsá n-f patty, pastry سماع samā́ʿ n-f listening; attention; hearing; song سماعت samāʿát n-m · regional law hearing (a case) سماعي samāʿí adj traditional سماغ sumā́γ n-m · botany; geology sumac; porphyry سماو samā́w n-m justice; correctness, rightness سماوات səmāwā́t n-m samovar سماوار samāwā́r n-m · rare samovar سماوروالا samāwarwālā́ n-m seller of hot tea; tea-house owner سماورچي samāwarčí n-m seller of hot tea; tea-house owner سمباخ sumbā́x n-m · anatomy anus سمبال sambā́l n-m attire, outfit, decoration; arranging, adjusting, settling; arranged, adjusted, settled; at hand سمبالول sambālawə́l v · denominative; transitive to dress up, to adorn, to decorate; to arrange, to adjust, to settle; to prepare, to make ready سمبالونه sambālawə́na n-f · plural dressing up, decoration, adornment; arranging, adjusting, settling سمبالي sambālí n-f arrangement, regulation, adjustment د کور سمبالي — housekeeping سمبالېدل sambāledə́l v · denominative; intransitive to dressed up; to be arranged, to be adjusted, to be settled سمبه sumbá n-f pole, staff (of a flag or banner) سمبوسه sambosá n-f pastry with filling, samosa سمبول símból n-m symbol سمبټه sambáṭa n-f rice porridge سمت samt n-m path, way; side; area, region سمت samát adj sufficient سمتوری samturáy n-m saber سمتي samtí adj regional, provincial سمخ سترګی sməxstə́rgay adj impudent, insolent, shameless; bold سمر samár n-m story, narrative; evening conversation سمساره samsārá n-f monitor lizard, Varanus سمسور samsór adj almost ripe; fresh; blooming, flourishing سمسورتوب samsortób n-m ripeness; freshness; flourishing; planting of trees and bushes سمسورتيا samsortyā́ n-f ripeness; freshness; flourishing; planting of trees and bushes سمسوروالی samsorwā́lay n-m ripeness; freshness; flourishing; planting of trees and bushes سمسورول samsorawə́l v · denominative; transitive to make fresh; to plant trees and bushes; to make blooming, to make flourishing سمسوری samsóray n-m (one’s) equal, (one’s) match سمسورېدل samsoredə́l v · denominative; intransitive to ripen; to turn green; to bloom, to flourish سمع samʿ n-f hearing سمن samán n-m · plural jasmine; lily of the valley, Convallaria سمن samán n-m · Eastern summons, subpoena (to court) سمنبويه samanbúya n-f darling, sweetheart سمند samánd adj light bay, dun, cream-colored (equine coat color); light-bay horse سمندر samandár n-m · proper name sea; ocean; Samandar سمندر samandár n-m salamander; newt سمندروز samandróz n-m silk taffeta سمندري samandarí adj sea; ocean سمندري څلی — buoy, beacon سمندري منار — lighthouse سمندريز samandaríz adj sea; ocean سمنه samə́na n-f arrangement, adjustment سمنو samanú n-m samanu (dessert served for Nowruz) سمنټ simánṭ n-m · plural cement سمنټسازي simanṭsāzí n-f cement production سمنډول samanḍól n-m · botany broomrape, Orobanche سمنګان samangā́n n-m Samangan, Simingan د سمنګان ولايت — (history) Samangan Province سمنګی samangáy n-m piece of cloth (on which dough is rolled out) سمه sáma adj plain, flatland; level terrain; correct, right (of a word); Sama (region of the Yousufzay land between the rivers Kabul, Buner and Swat) feminine singular په سمه — right, correctly سمه او غر — mountains and valleys سمه تخته sáma-taxtá adj lying on the back سمه تخته پرېوتل — to lie on the back; to fall flat on one’s back سمواله samwā́la n-f straightness; evenness; smoothness سمور samúr n-m sable; marten سموزروالا samwazarwālā́ adj Orthoptera (insects) سمول samawə́l v · denominative; transitive; plural to level, to smooth, to straighten; to improve someone; to put right, to settle down, to arrange; to put in order; to adjust, smooth out (one’s dress) سمون samún n-m · military reform; system, order; accordance, conformity, correspondence; quartering, billeting د ... سره سمون خوړل — to correspond with, to conform to سمون وال samunwā́l n-m · military chief of the department of housing allowances سمونتون samuntún n-m · military department of housing allowances سموڅ samúc n-f · dialectal cave, cavern سميات sammiyā́t n-m poisoning; infection سمينار seminā́r n-m seminar سمټه samáṭa n-f large turban سمڅ sməc n-f cave, cavern; underground passage سمڅه smáca n-f cave, cavern; underground passage سمښت samə́ṣ̌t n-m smoothing, leveling; straightening سمښت sməṣ̌t n-m envy; hostility, enmity سمک samák n-m · astronomy Pisces سمۍ samə́y n-f · technology plumb bob, plumb bob level سمېدل samedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be leveled, to be smoothed, to be straightened; to dawn on, to become apparent to; to be put right, to be settled, to be arranged; to be aimed سمېستر siméstr n-m semester سن san n-m year; age په ووړ سن کې — in childhood سنا senā́ n-f senate د سنا مجلس — senate سنا sanā́ n-f · botany sennas سناتور senātór n-m senator سناتوريم sanātoryúm n-m sanatorium سنار sunā́r n-m goldsmith, jeweller سناري sunārí adj gold; gilded سناري sanārí adj red, carmine سناريو senāriyó n-f scenario سنبالول sambālawə́l v · denominative; transitive to line up; to provide with, to supply with ځان سنبالول — to prepare for, to get ready; to set out on a trip سنبل sumbúl n-m · poetic hyacinth; musk root, musk sumbul, Ferula sumbul; nard, Nardostachys jatamansi; lock, curl, ringlet; curls سنبله sumbulá n-f · astronomy Virgo (the constellation); Sumbula (the sixth month of the solar year; August-September) سنت sunát n-m · religion; plural sunna; circumcision; custom, rule اهل سنت — the Sunni Moslems سنتره santará n-f mandarin orange سنتري santrí n-m sentry, sentinel, guard Eastern colloquial سنتول suntawə́l v · denominative to perform the ritual of circumcision, to subject someone to circumcision transitive religion سنتي sunatí n-f · religion circumcision سنتېدل sunatedə́l v · denominative to undergo circumcision intransitive religion سنج sanǰ n-m · technology weight; capacity سنج sunǰ adj desert, deserted, uninhabited; gloomy, dull سنج sənǰ n-m parapet (on a flat roof) سنج تيا sunǰtyā́ n-f desertedness, devastation, inhabitability سنجاب sanǰā́b n-m squirrel (animal) سنجاغ sanǰā́γ n-m pin د وېښتانو سنجاغ — hair pin سنجتوب sunǰtób n-m desertedness, devastation, inhabitability سنجش sanǰíš n-m thinking over, weighing; assessment; measurement, accounting; tariff; price سنجه súnǰa n-f desert سنجول sanǰawə́l v · transitive to think over, to weigh, to assess; to seek out; to invent; to develop (e.g., a plan); to assess; to estimate, to calculate يوه چاره سنجول — to look for a solution ښه او بد سنجول — to distinguish between good and bad سنجيده sanǰidá adj considered, thought over, weighed; serious, sensible, rational سنجښ sanǰéṣ n-m measurement سنجېدل sanǰedə́l v · intransitive to be thought over, to be weighed; to be sought out; to be invented; to be developed (e.g., of a plan); to be assessed; to be estimated, to be calculated سند sanád n-m document; patent, license; certificate; diploma سند sind n-m Sind (province of Pakistan) د سند درياب — the Indus River سندان sindā́n n-m anvil سندرغاړی sandərγā́ṛay n-m singer سندرغاړی sandərγā́ṛay n-m singer; musician; singing سندرغاړې sandərγā́ṛe n-f singer; singing سندره sandə́ra n-f song; poem, verse سندرچي sandərčí n-m singer; musician; singing سندرګوی sandərgóy n-m singer سندله sandalá n-f locally manufactured cement (of broken brick, lime and vegetable fibers) سندلۍ sandalə́y n-f sandali (wooden frame covered with a blanket, under which a heat source is placed to provide warmth) ځان په سندلۍ کې ګرمول — to warm oneself by the sandali سنده sindh n-m Sindh (province in Pakistan); the Indus River سندور sandúr n-m cinnabar سندوی sandóy n-m tulip سندي sindí adj Sindh; Sindhi (the language) سنديافته sanadyāftá adj who has received a degree (of the higher education); graduated (from college) سندړ sandáṛ n-m large camel سندی sandáy n-m tulip سنسکريت sanskrít n-m Sanskrit سنفونيه sinfoniyá n-f symphony سنه saná n-f year شمسي سنه — solar year قمري سنه — lunar year سنه مکي sanamakí n-m · plural botany Alexandrian senna, Senna alexandrina سنول snawə́l v · transitive to swing, to rock, to shake سني sunní adj Sunni; Sunni (a member of the Sunni branch of Islam) سني توب sunnitób n-m Sunni, Sunnism سني والی sunniwā́lay n-m Sunni, Sunnism سني ګلوي sunnigalwí n-f Sunni, Sunnism سنياسي sanyāsí n-m Hindu ascetic; righteous man سنټه sanṭá n-f face; appearance, exterior سنځری sənjərí n-m chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) سنځل sanǰə́l v · transitive to pour out (water, etc.); to let out, to empty سنځله sanjə́la n-f · botany oleaster, wild olive, Elaeagnus angustifolia سنډ sənḍ n-m ginger سنډ sunḍ n-m · plural viscose; hemp سنډا sanḍā́ n-m buffalo سنډاسي sanḍāsí n-m beggar; caste of Indian fakirs سنډاسي sanḍā́say n-m beggar; caste of Indian fakirs سنډروم sinḍróm n-m syndrome ډاون سنډروم — down syndrome سنډل sanḍál n-m sandal سنډه sánḍa n-f see-see partridge, Ammoperdix griseogularis سنک sanák n-m · proper name Sanak سنکونا sinkonā́ n-f bark of the cinchona tree سنګ səng n-m sniveling, whining (of a child); whislting, whizzing (of a bullet) سنګ sang n-m · rare stone usually in compounds سنګ تهداب — /sáng-i-…/ foundation (of a building) سنګ مرمر — /sáng-i-…/ marble سنګ مثانه — /sáng-i-…/ (medicine) stones (in the urinary bladder) سنګ اندازي sangandāzí n-f paving roads with gravel سنګ بر sangbúr n-m stonemason, bricklayer; lapidary سنګ تراش sangtarā́š n-m stonemason, bricklayer; lapidary سنګ تراشي sangtarāší n-f stone carving د سنګ تراشۍ صنايع — processing of stone سنګ تره sangtará n-f mandarin orange سنګ دل sangdíl adj cruel, brutal, heartless, callous سنګ دلي sangdilí n-f cruelty, brutality, heartlessness, callousness سنګ ريشه sangrišá n-f alabaster سنګار singā́r n-m adornment, decoration سنګاربکس singārbáks n-m toiletry kit, travel kit سنګارول singārawə́l v · denominative; transitive to decorate, to adorn سنګاوڼ singāwáṇ n-m boat steering wheel سنګدان sangdā́n n-m craw (stomach of an animal) سنګر sangár n-m breastworks; rampart; fortification (work); rock, cliff سنګرېزه sangrezá n-f gravel; pebbles سنګسار sangsā́r n-m · history stoning, lapidation (a form of death penalty) سنګشوی sangšoy n-f washing of rice سنګلاخ sanglā́x adj stony, rocky; difficult, hard; rocky terrain سنګهار sangahā́r n-m whining; whistling, whizzing (of bullets) سنګورکه sangoráka n-f iron net for scalding “abjush” (species of large, light-coloured sultana raisin) سنګوټی sangoṭáy n-m young hare سنګوپ sangúp n-m (turning) somersaults, somersaulting سنګوړی sangoṛáy adj chubby, plump سنګين sangín n-m · Eastern; figurative bayonet; stone; paved; rocky; serious; respectable سنګين بار sanginbā́r n-m · military (military) convoy, supply train سنګين دل sangindíl adj cruel, ruthless, heartless سنګړه sangə́ṛa n-f boulder, large rock سنګېړ sangéṛ adj stony, rocky سنۍ snəy n-f woollen thread سنېدل snedə́l v · intransitive to swing, to rock, to fluctuate سه se quantifier · rare three usually in compounds سه شنبه sešambá n-f Tuesday سهار sahā́r n-m morning سهارمال sahārmā́l n-m morning, morning time سهارنی sahāranáy adj morning سهارګاه sahārgā́h n-m morning, morning time سهامي sihāmí adj joint-stock سهامي شرکت — joint-stock company سهل sahl adj simple, not difficult, effortless سهل sahə́l v · transitive; plural to digest (food); to endure, to suffer سهلېدل sahledə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be digested (of food) سهم sahm n-m share, part; participation; share (of stock) په ... کې سهم اخيستل — to participate in…, to take part in… سهم لرونکی — shareholder, stockholder; partner سهمدار sahmdā́r n-m shareholder, stockholder; partner د شرکت سهمدار — shareholder of a company سهنه sahə́na n-f digestion (of food); patience, endurance سهو sahw n-m mistake; error; miss; slip of the pen, typo; slip of the tongue سهواً sáhwan adv by mistake, erroneously سهولت suhulát n-m ease, lightness; relief; provision, support (e.g., of military operations) سهوه sáhwa n-f mistake, error سهيل suháyl n-m · astronomy Canopus (the star); south; south-west سهيم sahím n-m participant سهيمه sahimá n-f share, part سهيمه ورکول — to make a contribution (e.g., to the family budget) سهېدل sahedə́l v · intransitive to suffer, to endure سهېله suhéla n-f (female) friend; woman of the same age; female servant, maid; concubine سهېلي sahelí n-f (female) friend; woman of the same age; female servant, maid; concubine سهېلي suhelí adj south, southern سهېلۍ suhelə́y n-f (female) friend; woman of the same age; female servant, maid; concubine سو su adj wounded; hurt, injured, bruised; emaciated, skinny سوا swā n-f · botany dill سوا siwā́ adv without, apart from, except for سوا səwā́ n-f corruption, bribery سوابۍ swābə́y n-f Swabi (city in the Peshawar District) سوات swāt n-m Swat (District) سواد sawā́d n-m copy, duplicate; list; copy, exemplar (of a document); rough draft, rough copy سواره suwārá n-f stem, stalk; stover سواري sawārí adj mounted; cavalry سواري فرقه — cavalry division سوارکار sawārkā́r n-m rider, horseman; jockey سوارې swāré n-f soiree, evening party سوالګر swālgár n-m beggar سوان suwā́n adj easy, simple سواني suwāní n-f release, relief; lightness, ease; light, easy, lightened, eased سوانګ swā́ng n-m disguise; pretense; imitation سوانګ suwā́ng n-m malt سوانګی swāngáy n-m pretender; imitator; follower سوب swab adj ready, prepared; expecting سوب səwáb n-m anxiety, worry, alarm, agitation سوب suwáb n-m cure, medical treatment; remedy (against an illness) سوبت sobát n-m song (with an instrumental accompaniment); merriment, amusement; monetary collection (for students of a madrasa) سوبمن sobmə́n adj winning, victorious سوبه sóba n-f victory سوبه وړل — to win سوبه subá n-f well, shaft kariz (an underground irrigation channel); arch, span (of a bridge) سوبه sóba adj quiet, calm سوتره sutrá adj clean, neat, tidy سوترګي sutragí n-f cleanness; neatness, tidiness سوترۍ sutrə́y n-f string, twine, pack thread سوتڼ sutə́ṇ n-m tracking dog سوجي suǰí adj semolina سوجي اوړه — semolina سوخت soxt n-m · figurative burning; combustion; bitterness سوخته soxtá adj burned (down); burned, scorched; tortured سوخر suxə́r n-m spite, malice; hostility سوخول suxawə́l v · transitive to injure, to wound; to pierce, to puncture, to perforate; to stuff with something, to fill with something; to blow one’s nose سوخړه súxṛa n-f fillet سوخړه غوښه — meat fillet سوخړۍ پوخړۍ suxṛə́y-puxṛə́y adj scalded; well-cooked سوخېدل suxedə́l v · intransitive to hiss (of a boiler); to be pierced, to be punctured سود sud n-m use; benefit; gain; profit, income; interest; usury سودا sawdā́ n-f concern, anxiety, nervousness; thought, idea; desire, aspiration; love; passion چا ته سودا لوېدل — to be concerned about someone; worry about someone د چا سودا ايستل — to satisfy someone’s desire سودا sawdā́ n-f purchase, purchased goods; trade, commerce; deal, sale and purchase سودا اخيستل — to buy something سودات sodā́t adj virtuous; righteous سودايي sawdāí adj mad, driven crazy (in love); obsessed (by an idea); melancholy; sad; mistrustful, suspicious سودايي توب sawdāitób n-m suspiciousness; mistrustfulness سوداګر sawdāgár n-m merchant, tradesman, businessman سوداګري sawdāgarí n-f trade, commerce trade, commerce سودخواره sudxā́ra n-m usurer سودخور sudxór n-m usurer سودمن sudmán adj advantageous; useful; profitable سودمندي sudmandí n-f advantage, gain, benefit; profit; usefulness, profitability سوده sawadá n-f basket; wicker lid, wicker cover سوده sudá n-f · medicine jam, block; obstruction; intestinal volvulus سوده sudá adj (finely) ground, powdered; worn (horse’s hoof) سوده sóda n-f comfort, consolation سوده sodá n-f · chemistry soda سودګن sudgə́n adj quiet, calm, peaceful سودګنه sudgə́na n-f peace, rest; soothing, comfort سودګي sudgí n-f peace, rest; soothing, comfort سور sur n-m · plural history the Sur Dynasty; the tribe Sur سور sur n-m sur (type of karakul fur) سور sur adj red, scarlet; ruddy, rosy (of the face); red-hot, fiery; bay (horse’s coat colour) سوراغزی surāγzáy n-m · botany Bushman’s tea, Catha edulis سوران surā́n n-m · medicine simoom (wind); bulimia سوراني surāní adj wailing, howling; screeming, yelling سوراړ surā́ṛ n-m hot desert سورباټينګړ surbāṭingáṛ n-m tomato(es) singular & plural سوربخن surbaxə́n adj reddish سوربوڼی surbuṇáy adj red; rosy, ruddy (of the cheeks) سوربڼی surbáṇay adj red, red-haired, ginger سورت sort n-m sort, kind, variety; sorting, selecting سورت کول — to sort, to select سورت بندي sortbandí n-f sorting, selecting سورت کاري sortkārí n-f sorting, selecting سورتمان sortmā́n n-m assortment سورخه surxá n-f species of wheat سورخولی surxúlay adj blood-thirsty سورخچوکی surxəčúkay n-m a piece of meat fillet; ruddy person سورخکه surxáka n-f snipe, Gallinago gallinago سورخی surxáy n-m bay horse سوردلی surdaláy n-m kestrel (a bird) سورسات sursā́t n-m · history provisions (brought to the troops by the population) سورسانده sursā́nda n-f mountain flower; heather, Calluna vulgaris سورساندی sursā́nday n-m mountain flower; heather, Calluna vulgaris سورسترګی surstə́rgay adj irritated; angry; hot-tempered سورسری sursáray adj red, red-haired, ginger سورسورکه sursuráka n-f fireworks; strong wind, hurricane سورشان suršā́n adj reddish سورغاړی surγā́ṛay adj with a red border (of a shawl) سورغوږی surγwáẓ̌ay n-m amaranth, Amaranthus polygamus سورل surál n-m chestnut horse سورلاسی surlā́say n-m · adat law murderer, killer سورلان surlā́n n-m wolfhound سورلمنې surlamə́ne n-f woman who has died in childbirth سورلن sorlə́n adj shady, shadowy سورلنډی surlanḍáy n-m jackal سورلنی swarlanáy n-m rider, horseman; cavalryman; horse trainer; jockey سورلي swarlí n-f riding; retinue, escort; cavalcade; passenger سورليمار swarlimā́r n-m horseman, rider سورلکۍ surlakə́y n-f redstart, Phoenicurus phoenicurus سورمخي surməxí n-f honour, glory سورمخی surmə́xay adj rosy, ruddy (of the face) سورمل surmə́l n-m feather grass, spear grass, Stipa سورمړنی surmaṛánay n-m cockroach سورمېږی surmeẓ̌áy n-m red ant سورن sorə́n adj shady, shadowy سورنا surnā́ n-f zurna (musical instrument); flute سورناچي surnāčí n-m one playing the zurna; flute player سورنجان surinǰā́n n-m · botany autumn crocus, meadow saffron, Colchicum سورنچی surničáy n-m red earthworm سورنګ suráng n-m undermining, underground passage; tunnel سوره swará n-f · history daughter or female slave who has been given in exchange for a kidnapped wife or daughter سوره surá n-f sura (a chapter of the Quran) سوروالی surwā́lay n-m redness, the colour red; daybreak, dawn سورور sorawár adj wide, broad سورول surawə́l v · transitive to urge on, to incite, to set on, to halloo (a dog, etc.); to infuriate سورول swarawúl v · denominative transitive Eastern سوروږی surwáẓ̌ay n-m red wheat سوري surí n-m · plural history the Suri (Sur) dynasty (in Medieval India) سوري surí n-m large sack سوري سمبوري surí-samburí adj all full of holes, riddled with holes سوريانګه suryā́nga n-f Eurasian golden oriole (bird) سوريته suryáta n-f · history concubine; female slave or captive who has had a child fathered by her master سوريه suriyá n-f Syria سورپلی surpálay n-m · regional nettle; velvet bean, monkey tamarind, Mucuna pruriens سورپلۍ surpalə́y n-f · regional nettle; velvet bean, monkey tamarind, Mucuna pruriens سورپوستی surpóstay adj red-skinned سورڅاڅکی surcā́ckay n-m species of snake سورکونډو surkunḍó n-f girl who cuts her hair (who is not yet betrothed) سورکوکو surkokó n-m red rose سورکی surkáy adj red; scarlet; red, ginger سورکی مېږی — red ant سورکۍ surkə́y n-f cherry (berry) سورګل surgúl n-m red rose سورګلی surgúlay n-m kind of greenery سورګولځ sur-guláj adj rosy and plump سوری suráy n-m hole, slit; opening; burrow, den; holey, worn-out, torn سوری سوری suráy-suráy adj full of holes, holey سورې soré n-f · plural cries, wails سورېدل suredə́l v · intransitive to turn red; to fry, to roast; to get hot; to get angry, to get furious سورېدل swaredə́l v · denominative intransitive Eastern سوز soz n-f burning; woe, sadness; grief, sorrow; anguish; zeal, ardour, diligence په سوز راتلل — to be inspired, to be enthusiastic; to get excited سوزان sozā́n adj burning; scorching; sad, sorrowful, dreary سوزاک sozā́k n-m · medicine gonorrhea سوزش sozíš n-m burning; combustion; agitation, anxiety, uneasiness; care, concern; annoyance, distress; pain سوزن sozán n-m needle; pin سوزني sozní n-f tape (with which a baby is bound when being swaddled); shawl, veil سوزنک sozanák n-m striker, striker pin; firing pin سوزنی suznáy n-m tape (with which a baby is bound when being swaddled); shawl, veil سوزه sawzá n-f wedge-shaped insert, gusset (in a dress); ax سوزي sawzí n-m · plural greens, vegetables; spinach سوزښت sozə́ṣ̌t n-m burning; combustion; agitation, anxiety, uneasiness; care, concern; annoyance, distress; pain سوزی sozáy n-m basket with a small opening سوزېده swazedə́ n-m · plural burning سوسن sosán n-m lily; iris سوسن sosán adj leggy, lanky, tall and thin سوسني sosaní adj violet, lilac, dark blue سوسني باټينګن — eggplant سوسيالست sosiālíst n-m socialist سوسيالستي sosiālistí adj socialist(ic); socialism سوسياليزم sosiālízm n-m socialism سوسيولوجيکي sosyoloǰikí adj sociological سوسيولوژي sosyoloží n-f sociology سوسيولوژيکي sosyoložikí adj sociological سوسړ susáṛ n-m dolphin سوسړ susáṛ n-m petty thief, pilferer سوسکېدل suskedə́l v · intransitive to tremble, to shiver, to shake, to quiver سوسۍ susə́y n-f a striped fabric of cotton or silk سوغ suγ n-m snuff; pinch of snuff سوغات sawγā́t n-m present, gift سوغات وړاندي کول — to give a present سوغاتي sawγātí adj gift, present سوغالی soγā́lay n-m rabbit hole سوغن suγə́n adj sniffling, snuffling, puffing; sniffling person سوغول suγawə́l v · transitive to draw something up into the nostrils; to sniff; to sniffle, to snuffle, to snort; to cause to smell سوغېدل suγedə́l v · intransitive to sniffle, to snuffle, to snort; to smell سوق sawq n-m sending, dispatching; directing, referral; transferring (e.g., troops); conducting, waging (combat); leading (troops) سوق الجيش sawq-ul-ǰáyš n-m strategy سوق الجيشي sawq-ul-ǰayší n-f strategy; strategic سوقيات sawqiyā́t n-m · plural sending, dispatching; transfer (e.g., of troops) سول sol n-m reason, intelligence, mind سول swəl v · intransitive; figurative; figurative to burn; to catch fire, to ignate; to get burned; to waste away, to wither, to perish Past-f: وسوه — wu-swa Past-Pl:وسوه — wu-swə سول swəl v · transitive; figurative; plural to burn (down); to destroy, to ruin; burning; ignition سول sul n-m greed, avarice, stinginess, miserliness سولاغ sulā́γ n-m hole; crack, slit سولاند sulā́nd adj greedy, stingy; lustful, lewd, lascivious سولانده sulā́nda adj greedy, stingy; lustful, lewd, lascivious سولجن swalǰə́n adj greedy, stingy; lustful, lewd, lascivious سولند swalə́nd adj greedy, stingy; lustful, lewd, lascivious سولنډه sulánḍa n-f hollow, ravine سوله sóla n-f peace سره سوله کول — to make peace, to reconcile سوله خوښوونکی sóla xwaṣ̌awúnkay adj peaceful سوله دوست soladóst adj peaceful سوله غوښتونکی sóla γuṣ̌túnkay adj peaceful سولول sulawə́l v · transitive to rub; to erase (with an eraser); to wear out, to abrade; to rasp, to file سولۍ sulə́y n-f gallows; stake (instrument of execution); (acrobat’s) pole د سولۍ تخته — scaffold څوک سولۍ ته خېژول — to hang someone سولېدل suledə́l v · intransitive to wear out, to abrade; to decay (of the teeth); to be ground; to be rasped, to be filed سوم swam n-m eye of a needle; opening (of an earring) سوم sawə́m quantifier · ordinal hundredth دوه سوم — two-hundredth درې سوم — three-hundredth سومباخه sumbā́xa n-f hind part, back, rear; seat, buttocks سومباټی sumbā́ṭay n-m (small) hole سومبروغی sumbrúγay n-m small door; window; hatch, hatchway سومبری sumbə́ray n-m small door; light opening (in the ceiling), skylight سومبل sumbə́l v · transitive to stab with a pike سومبور sumbawə́r adj big-butted, thick-bottomed سومبټه sumbáṭa n-f hind part, back, rear; seat, buttocks سومبۍ sumbə́y n-f · anatomy anus; hind part, back, rear; croup (e.g., of a horse) سون swun n-m burning; fire, conflagration; fuel سونار sunā́r n-m goldsmith, jeweller سوناري sunārí adj red, cinnabar سونبه sumbá n-f · technology; military shaft (of a spear); punching tool, piercer; funnel-shaped extension; gun swab سونجه súnǰa n-f desert, wilderness سوندر sundə́r n-m sandarac, sandarach سونده súnda n-f envy; suspicion; jealousy سونه soná n-f wild duck, mallard سونه soná n-f horse fly, deer fly, Tabanidae سونټی sunṭáy adj armless and legless سونټی مونټی sunṭáy-munṭáy adj armless and legless سونځ sunj adj frightening, terrible, scary سونډ sunḍ n-m kenaf, Deccan hemp, Java jute, Hibiscus cannabinus; flax; viscose, rayon plural regional سونډ sunḍ n-m dry ginger سونډ مونډ sunḍ-múnḍ adj silent, unsociable سونډي sunḍí adj linen (of fabric) سونډک مونډک sunḍə́k-munḍə́k n-m final days of the month Hut سونګ swang n-m burning د سونګ مايع مواد — liquid fuel سونګل sungə́l n-m sobbing سونګن sungə́n adj whiny, weepy, tearful سونګټ sungə́ṭ adj wrinkled; numb with cold سونګټ sungə́ṭ n-m weeping, crying سونګټ sungə́ṭ n-m (kind of flat cake baked on a rock) سونګی sungáy n-m dwarf, pigmy; short person سونګی sungáy n-m short-eared ram; clay dough trough سوه swa n-f hoof سوه swə n-m · plural burning; incinerating; loss of crops (caused by drought) سوه sowá n-f decoration; attire, apparel سوه sə́wa n-f · dialectal female hare سوهان sohā́n n-m file (instrument); rasp; grater سوهان کار sohānkā́r n-m locksmith, metal-worker سوهان کاري sohānkārí n-f locksmithing, metal-working سوهانګی sohāngáy n-m small file (instrument) سوهاګن sohāgə́n n-f beloved wife; young bride (at the wedding) سوهړه suháṛa n-f incoherent speech, nonsense سوونکی swúnkay present participle hot سويدن swidán n-m Sweden سويزرلنډ suizarlenḍ n-m Switzerland سويل suwíl n-m south سويه sawiyá n-f level; equality سويه soyá n-f seedlings, shoots, sprouts (up to six weeks) سويه sóya n-f · Eastern female hare; hare (in general) کورنۍ سويه — rabbit سويچ swič n-m · technology switch سويچ بورډ swičbórḍ n-m · technology switchboard سويډني swiḍaní adj Swedish; Swede سويډنی swiḍanáy adj Swedish; Swede سويکه soyáka n-f suslik, ground squirrel, Spermophilus سوټ sawúṭ n-m person who guards shephards’ things; army cook, camp cook سوټ suṭ n-m suit د شپې سوټ — tailcoat سوټ بوټ suṭbúṭ adj sullen, gloomy, morose; sour, dissatisfied; tightly bound, securely fastened, firmly tied; wholesale, by the gross; indiscriminately څوک سوټ بوټ تړل — to tie someone up firmly سوټزرلېنډ swiṭzarlenḍ n-m Switzerland سوټمار soṭmā́r n-m peddler, hawker, itinerant trader سوټه suṭá n-f · dialectal bread سوټه súṭa n-f offspring, litter (of animals) سوټه مار soṭamā́r adj pugnacious, aggressive; one who likes fighting, aggressive person سوټکه suṭáka n-f corncob سوټکی suṭəkáy n-m land mark(er), boundry mark(er); border post, frontier post; kind of embroidery سوټکېس suṭkés n-m · regional suitcase سوټی soṭáy n-m · agriculture staff, stick; club; flail; flint; penis سوټۍ soṭə́y n-f penis سوپ sup n-m lobby, hallway, anteroom سوپاري supārí n-m · plural betel (nut) سوپراوکسايډ suparoksā́yḍ n-m · chemistry peroxide سوپرسونيک supersoník adj with supersonic speed, having supersonic speed د سوپرسونيک الوتکه — a supersonic plane سوپی supáy n-m male monkey سوپۍ supə́y n-f monkey, marmoset سوځلی swajə́lay adj · rare burned down سوځند swajə́nd adj burning, scorching, parching; disturbing, troubling سوځول swajawə́l v · transitive to burn (down) سوځونه swajawə́na n-f burn (injury to skin); burning (down) سوځونکی swajúnkay present participle igniting, used for starting fire; sultry, hot, torrid, boiling (of the summer) سوځېدل swajedə́l v · intransitive to burn; to burn down سوځېدنه swajedə́na n-f fire, conflagration; burning; combustion سوځېدونکی swajedúnkay present participle fuel سوچ suč n-m thought; guessing سوچه sučá adj · dialectal pure, uncontaminated; irreproachable, impeccable, flawless; unfortunate; ominous, sinister; completely, entirely, quite, totally سوچه والی sučawā́lay n-m purity; irreproachability, flawlessness سوډا soḍā́ n-f soda water; soda سوډر soḍə́r n-m · abusive (wild) boar; pig, swine; lazy; ill-mannered, unpolished, uncouth سوډره soḍə́ra n-f female pig feminine singular سوډه səwáḍa n-f intrigues, machinations سوړ soṛ adj cold, cool; cold, indifferent; unattractive (of a person); stern, severe, cruel Alt-Feminine: سړه — səṛá Plural: ساړه — sāṛə́ FemininePl: سړې — saṛé سوړا soṛā́ n-m awkward man, clumsy guy; lazy person; coward سوړبويي soṛbuí n-f stink, stench, foul odour سوړبوړ soṛ-bóṛ adj sad, upset سوړسک soṛsə́k n-m corn bread سوړفکره soṛfíkra adj phlegmatic سوړمېړی soṛmeṛáy adj cold, indifferent سوړن suṛə́n adj lying, deceitful, false; liar سوړنګوړ soṛ-ngóṛ adj quite cold, cold as ice سوړه súṛa n-f slit, crack; hole; burrow; precipice سوړه súṛa n-f syphilis سوړوالی soṛwā́lay n-m cold; coolness; coldness, indifference سوړي súṛi n-f · plural lie, deception سوړيز sawaṛíz adj free; idle, wandering سوښتی swaṣ̌táy n-m corner of the mouth سوښتی swaṣ̌táy n-m · weaving shuttle سوک suk n-m fist; punch with the fist; stump (of a tree) سوک siwák n-m smouldering brand, firebrand, charred log سوک swak n-m cold wind سوک موک sukmúk adj wrinkled, creased سوکالۍ sawkālə́y n-f peace, tranquillity سوکلی sukláy n-m coddle, tenderling سوکه swáka n-f charred log سوکه sawká n-f peace, tranquillity; quietly, gently, slowly سوکي súki n-f (in collocations سوکي په نوکي کول — to oppress someone سوکي موکي súki-múki misc سوکي موکي کول — to tie up and beat someone سوکړ sukáṛ n-m man with a thin beard and moustache سوکړه sukṛá n-f drought; crop failure سوکړک sukṛə́k n-m corn bread سوکی swakáy n-m nettle, Urtica dioica سوکی swə́kay n-m (in collocation) د اور سوکی — firebrand, smouldering brand سوکۍ səwakə́y n-f · plural pimples سوګ sog n-m dew سوګت sawgát adj stingy, greedy سوګل sugə́l n-f (traditional footwear, usually made of leather, similar to moccasins) سوګله sugála n-f (traditional footwear, usually made of leather, similar to moccasins) سوګلۍ suglə́y n-f (traditional footwear, usually made of leather, similar to moccasins) سوګند sawgánd n-m oath, vow سوګړ sogáṛ n-m braggart, boaster; niggard, miser; stingy, greedy سوڼ suṇ n-m sniff, snuffle; blowing one’s nose, clearing one’s nose; pinch (of snuff or tabacco) سوڼهار suṇəhā́r n-m sniff, snuffle, fuff سوڼول suṇawə́l v · transitive to clear one’s nose, blow one’s nose; to sniff (e.g., snuff); to absorb; to inhale, to breathe in سوڼي suṇí adj viscose, rayon سوڼي ټوکران — viscose fabrics, rayons سوڼګه suṇgá n-f sobbing سوڼۍ suṇə́y n-f lies, deceit سوڼېدل suṇedə́l v · intransitive to smell; to be inhaled, to be breathed in; to be absorbed, to be soaked into سوی sway n-m · figurative; figurative burning; fervour, zeal, passion, diligence; anxiety, alarm سوی soy n-m hare کورنی سوی — rabbit سوی sə́way past participle upset, offended; sad, sorrowful, grievous سوېټر sweṭár n-m sweater سي si n-m · plural miller’s bran; fly eggs سياح sayyā́h n-m traveler; wanderer; tourist; explorer سياحت siyāhát n-m journey; trip; going around; detour; visit سياحه sayyā́ha n-f (female) traveler; (female) tourist سيار sayyā́r adj wandering, travelling; mobile, portable سيار ستوری — planet سياره sayyārá adj planet feminine singular سياست siyāsát n-m · rare politics, policy; conduct, behaviour (of a person); diplomacy; management سياست مدار siyāsatmadā́r n-m experienced politician; statesman; experienced in political matters سياست وال siyāsatwā́l n-m politician سياسي siyāsí adj political; diplomatic سياسي مناسبات — diplomatic relations سياسي siyāsí n-m political figure, politician سياسيات siyāsiyā́t n-m · plural policy, politics; political matters; political sciences سيال syāl n-m man of the equal status; equal; rival, competitor سيالتوب syāltób n-m rivalry; competition سيالداري syāldārí n-f reluctance to lag behind others; exchange of gifts (between the relatives of the bride and bridegroom on the occasion of the wedding) سيالي syālí n-f competition, contest; reluctance to lag behind others; rivalry, competition د چا سره سيالي کول — to compete with someone د چا سره سيالي لرل — to be the equal of someone; to compete with someone سيانتست siyāntíst n-m scientist; naturalist سيانس siyā́ns n-m science; exact sciences سيانسي siyānsí adj scientific سيانسي پوهان — scientists سياهه syāhá n-f record, list سياهي siyāhí n-f ink; blackness سيبيريا saybiryā́ n-f Siberia سيت sit n-m · history Scythian سيجي siǰí adj thorough-bred, pedigreed, well-bred سيحون sayhún n-m · history Sayhun; Syr Darya (river) سيخ six n-m ramrod; spit (for roasting); twig سيخ six adj upright, erect, standing; protruding; stuffed, well packed, full, filled; straight, directly سيخدم sixdúm n-m northern pintail (duck) سيخل sixə́l v · transitive to pierce; to punch a hole in; to stuff; to pack (with), to fill (with); to cram into; to push into سيخک sixák n-m hairpin سيخېدل sixedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be stuffed, to be crammed full سيد sayíd n-m · proper name sayyid (a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad); Sayyid سيده sidá adj straight, level, even سيردريا sirdaryā́ n-f Syr Darya (river) سيرلی serláy n-m kid taken away from its mother سيستان sistā́n n-m Sistan د سيستان ډنډ — the Hamun Lake د سيستان جهيل — the Hamun Lake سيستم sistém n-m system سيسۍ sisə́y n-f see-see partridge, Ammoperdix griseogularis سيف sef n-m safety (e.g., on a revolver); safe, strongbox سيل sayl n-m walk, stroll; sight, show د ښار سيل کول — to go sightseeing in the city سيل sil n-m seal (the animal) سيل بين saylbín n-m spectator, viewer; visitor (e.g., of an exposition) سيل کوونکی sayl kawúnkay n-m spectator, viewer; visitor (e.g., of an exposition) سيلان silā́n n-m · mineral Ceylon (Sri Lanka); granite سيلاني saylāní n-m · proper name spectator, viewer; traveler, wanderer; Sailani سيلاني silāní adj Ceylonese (Sri Lankan) سيلانی saylānáy n-m · proper name spectator, viewer; traveler, wanderer; Sailani سيله síla n-f devotion, loyalty; support, patronage; friendship, friendly feelings; kindness سيلو siló n-f (grain) elevator; large-scale bakery (in Kabul) د سيلو ډوډۍ — European-type bread سيلون seylón n-m Ceylon (Sri Lanka) سيلۍ silə́y n-f whirlwind; sandstorm, duststorm; snowstorm, blizzard سيم sim n-m cable; wire; silver سيما simā́ n-f appearance; face سيماب simā́b n-m · plural mercury, quicksilver سيمابي simābí adj mercury, mercurial سيمرغ simúrγ n-m · folklore bearded vulture, lammergeier, Gypaetus barbatus; simurg (fairy tale bird) سيمه síma n-f territory, region, area; territory of a tribe or family; (compass) direction; shelter, refuge سيمه وال simawā́l n-m countryman سيمه يز simayíz adj regional, territorial سين sin n-m the name of the letter س سيند sind n-m river; sea د اوقيانوس سيند — ocean سيندمشر sindmə́šər n-m admiral سيندنی sindanáy adj marine, maritime, nautical سينما sinimā́ n-f cinema, movies سينه siná n-f chest; bowels of the earth د سينې پرده — (anatomy) diaphragm د سينې پنجره — (anatomy) ribcage دسينې صندوق — (anatomy) ribcage سينه باز sinabā́z n-m mistle thrush (Turdus viscivorus); eyelet embroidery سينه بغل sinabaγál n-m pneumonia سينه بند sinabánd n-m chest strap (of a harness); corset; bodice; belt سينوال sinwā́l adj marine, living in the sea سيني siní n-f tray; dish سينګارواله singārwā́la n-f woman who dresses the bride سينګاوڼ singāwə́ṇ n-m steering wheel (of a boat, a ship) سينګته singə́ta n-f black-throated thrush (Turdus atrogularis) سيورن syorə́n adj shady; dried in the shade سيوری syóray n-m shade, shadow زما د سر سيوری — dear father! (address in letters, literally “shade over my head”) سيټ siṭ n-m place, seat سيپۍ sipə́y n-f spoon سيپۍ sepə́y n-f teaspoon سيپۍ sipə́y n-f mother-of-pearl, nacre سيپۍ sipə́y n-f edge (of a fabric), selvage سيږه siẓ̌á n-f female mouflon or argali سټ səṭ n-m · regional; dialectal wooden base of an anvil; anvil; stump; beam, timber (of wood) سټ ورکول — to defeat someone سټ səṭ adj killed, perished سټ səṭ n-m boiled mung beans سټ سمټ səṭsamáṭ adj lazy, idle سټ سمټ سړی — slacker, lazybones, idler, loafer سټ سودا səṭsudā́ n-f purchase without weighing سټ وټ saṭwáṭ adj killed, perished, ruined سټ وټ کول — to kill, to ruin, to destroy سټ وټ کېدل — to perish, to be killed; to be ruined, to be destroyed سټار saṭā́r n-m tar سټاف sṭāf n-m · regional headquarters; staff, personnel سټاله səṭā́la n-f assumption, supposition, conjecture, guess په سټاله اخيستل — to suppose, to assume, to guess سټاټيک sṭāṭík adj static سټرابري sṭrābarí n-f strawberry سټرابېري sṭrāberí n-f strawberry, musk strawberry سټراټسفېر sṭrāṭasfér n-m stratosphere سټرلنګ sṭarlíng n-m sterling; pound sterling سټلایت saṭəlā́yt n-m satellite سټماتونی səṭmātúnay n-m woodcutter سټه sə́ṭa n-f · Eastern root; base, basis; foundation; support, post; log په سټه پوهېدل — to investigate thoroughly, to get to the essence, to get at the root سټور sṭor n-m · regional storehouse; store, shop جنرال سټور — department store, supermarket سټول səṭawə́l v · denominative; transitive to ruin, destroy; to kill, to slaughter, to annihilate, to exterminate سټول sṭul n-m · regional stool; small table سټوپ sṭop n-m stove, oven سټک suṭə́k n-m hammer; sledgehammer; small hammer, mallet, gavel سټک sṭik n-m · regional riding crop, cane سټک کاري suṭəkkārí n-f forging, blacksmithing سټکوری səṭkúray adj burned, charred (of bread); wrinkled, puckered; frozen, stiff with cold; withered سټګی səṭə́gay n-m small hammer, mallet سټۍ saṭə́y n-f back of a blade سټېدل səṭedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to be slaughtered, to be ruined; to perish, to die; to be felled, to be cut down (e.g., of a tree) سټېده səṭedə́ n-m · plural distruction, annihilation; death سټېشن sṭešán n-m station (in various meanings) سټېډيوم sṭédyum n-m stadium سپ sap int slap!; finished, completed سپاخه spā́xa n-f type of needlework سپارتاک spārtā́k n-m grapevine سپارش sipāríš order; assignment, errand, mission; petition, solicitation, intercession سپارش کول — to recommend someone; to intercede for someone, to advocate for someone سپارل spārə́l v · transitive to entrust; to deposit (e.g., money in a bank); to hand over; to transfer, to convey; to bury PPP: سپارلی — spārə́lay سپارلي spārlí n-f horseback riding; retinue; cavalcade سپارنه spārə́na n-f order; assignment, errand; handing over, transferring, conveying سپارنځی spārə́njáy n-m storehouse, depot, warehouse, place for storage سپاره spā́ra n-f ploughshare سپاره sipārá n-f · religion each of the thirty chapters of the Koran سپاره spārə́ n-m · plural crew, team; passengers plural and oblique singular سپاري supārí n-m betel (nut) singular & plural سپاري تير spāritír n-m plough beam سپاس sipā́s n-m · religion praise, glorification د چا سپاس ويل — to glorify someone سپاس نامه sipāsnāmá n-f letter of thanks; welcome speech سپاس نامه ويل — to read out a welcome speech سپانده spā́nda n-f · botany espand, wild rue (Peganum harmala) سپاه sipā́h n-m · history army, forces سپاهي spāhí n-m warrior; soldier خاصه سپاهيان — (history) guard, arm forces, elite soldiers د پوليس سپاهي — (Eastern) policeman سپاهي توب spāhitób n-m warfare, military affairs سپاهي خانه sipāhixāná n-f · regional barracks سپاهي ګوټی spāhigóṭay n-m · diminutive soldier سپاچه sapāčá n-f canopy; bench; platform, dais; bench by the wall, earthen bench سپتامبر siptā́mbr n-m September سپخول spəxawə́l v · transitive to untie (e.g., a knot); to unseam, to rip apart سپخېدل spəxedə́l v · intransitive to get untie (e.g., a knot); to be unseamed, to be ripped apart; to open (of the eyes of a puppy) سپر spár n-m shield; gun limber سپرت spirít n-m · plural alcohol د موټر سپرت — gasoline, petrol سپرتيا spartyā́ n-f horseback riding سپرخی spərxáy n-m stitching awl; sack needle; knitting needle, knitting pin; linchpin سپرخی sparxáy adj dry, hard, tough سپرغه spə́rγa n-f well (e.g., the shaft of a kahriz); pit, hole; trapping pit; type of pattern; small island, islet سپرغۍ spərγə́y n-f spark سپرلنی sparlanáy n-m rider, horseman سپرلنی sparlanáy n-m spring سپرلو sparló n-f riding سپرلو ويستل — to practice horseback riding سپرلو وهل — to practice horseback riding د سپرلۍ ډاګ — hippodrome سپرلی sparláy n-m · Eastern spring سپرمغ spərmə́γ n-m fat on the surface of soup or other liquid سپرمينه saparmayná n-m sappers, combat engineers plural obsolete regional سپرمېغی spərmeγáy n-m spark سپره ور sparawár adj broad, wide, broadened, widened سپرول sparawə́l v · denominative; transitive to help someone mount a horse; seat someone in a car; to wind (on a spool or bobbin) سپرونه sparawə́na n-f helping someone to mount a horse; seating someone (in a car, etc.) سپريټ spiríṭ n-m · plural alcohol, spirits سپرک sparák n-m · botany Delphinium Zalil (yields a yellow dye) سپرکښ siparkáṣ̌ n-m brave man سپرېدل sparedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to mount (a horse); to get into the car; to ride, to drive, to go (e.g., by car) سپرېده sparedə́ n-m · plural mounting (a horse), getting into a car, boarding; driving سپرېدونکی sparedúnkay present participle passenger; rider, horseman سپغزه spə́γza n-f · anatomy pubic mound سپل اغزی spəlaγzáy n-m · botany caltrop, puncturevine, Tribulus terrestris سپلم spələ́m n-m gossiper, tale-teller سپلمه spə́lma n-f turtle dove, collared dove, Streptopelia سپلمی spəlmáy n-m horse with a white spot on its forehead سپلمۍ spəlmə́y n-f · botany calotrope, Calotropis procera سپلنی spələnáy n-m · usually plural the seeds of the espand, wild rue (Peganum harmala) سپلنی کول — to burn wild rue; (figurative) to sacrifice سپلګ spilə́g n-m fat (goat, beef) سپلګه spə́lga n-f mica سپم spam n-m eye (of a needle); earring hole سپما spamā́ n-f thrift, economy; economics سپمول spamawə́l v · transitive to save, to thrift; to spare something سپموک spamúk adj thrifty, economical سپمېدل spamedə́l v · intransitive to be saved, to be spared سپندخ spandə́x n-m large ball of yarn; ball; dummy calf, stuffed calf (which is put next to a cow so that she will give more milk) سپندوخه spəndóxa n-f ball game سپندوخه کول — to play ball سپه سالار sipahsālā́r n-m commander-in-chief; marshal سپهر sepahár n-m · rare; military evening; third watch, third shift سپهره sipahrá n-f · figurative sky, heavens; celestial sphere; fate سپوتنيک sputník n-m satellite (e.g., of the Earth) سپوخځه spóxja n-f · anatomy pubic mound سپور spor adj sitting (e.g., in a car), riding (a horse); wound; stuck, put on; raised, lifted (of water in a canal or irrigation ditch); rider, man on horseback سپور نغری — tripod, trivet سپور spor adj stale, not fresh, old (of bread, food); lean, lenten, low fat; coarse, improper, indecent, rude (of a word) سپور spor n-m · biology spore سپورت sport n-m sport, sports سپورټ کول — to go in for sports د سپورټ ښوونکی — trainer سپورخور sporxór adj eating something dry سپورخولی sporxúlay adj using foul language, rude سپورسترګی sporstə́rgay adj shameless, insolent, impudent, conscienceless سپوره spóra adj stale bread; dry crust; unpleasant word, offensive word feminine singular سپوروالی sporwā́lay n-m staleness, lack of freshness; coarseness, rudeness; bad taste, lack of taste, tastelessness سپورول sporawə́l v · denominative; transitive to make stale; to make lean سپوري spóri adj · plural insulting words, offensive words feminine plural سپوري کول — to insult; to offend سپورټ مين sporṭmayán n-m sports lover; sports fan سپورټي sporṭí adj (pertaining to) sports سپورېدل sporedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to become stale, to lose freshness; to be lean, to be low fat سپوټک spoṭák adj mean, base, foul, vile; unserious, superficial; light-minded سپوټکی spoṭákay adj mean, base, foul, vile; unserious, superficial; light-minded سپوټی sapúṭay adj mean, base, foul, vile; unserious, superficial; light-minded سپوږمۍ spoẓ̌mə́y n-f · personal name the moon, moonlight; Spozhmi د سپوږمۍ کال — lunar year د سپوږمۍ تندره — lunar eclipse د څورلسمي سپوږمۍ — full moon سپوڼی spúṇay n-m · medicine ringworm سپي ستوری spistóray n-m annoying and intrusive person سپيازه spyā́za n-f female, dam (after a miscarriage); unripe, green, immature; premature, prematurely born (of a baby); wild, awkward سپيازه کېدل — to have a miscarriage, to miscarry, to give birth prematurely سپيازول spyā́zawə́l v · transitive to have a miscarriage, to miscarry, to give birth prematurely سپياکه spiyā́ka n-f mung bean bread; pitchfork سپيتانه spitā́na n-f meanness, baseness, rudeness; beastliness سپيتانه کول — to be mean سپيتی spitáy n-m scoundrel, villain, rascal سپين spin adj · adat; personal name white; gray (of hair); clean, bright; sincere سپين کاغذ — white paper; form, formular, blank په سپينه ورځ — in broad daylight سپين باز spinbā́z n-m light-coloured hawk سپين بحر spinbáhr n-m Mediterranean Sea; White Sea سپين برېښ spinbréṣ̌ adj sparkling white سپين بولدک spinboldák n-m Spin Boldak (border town) سپين توب spintób n-m whiteness سپين تيا spintyā́ n-f whiteness سپين خولی spinxwúlay adj beardless سپين دروبی spindróbay adj respectable, honorable سپين رنګی spinrángay adj white, white-coloured سپين روس spinrús n-m · rare Belarus سپين زر spinzár n-m · plural silver سپين زرلی spinzarə́lay adj silvered, covered with silver سپين زړه spinzṛə́ adj open-hearted, candid, sincere; trusting, credulous سپين زړی spinzə́ṛay adj open-hearted, candid, sincere; trusting, credulous سپين سبا spinsabā́ n-m · figurative bright dawn; robbery, looting سپين سبا درول — to plunder a house سپين سبا کول — to plunder a house سپين سترګي spinstərgí n-f insolence, impertinence, shamelessness سپين سترګی spinstə́rgay adj insolent, impertinent, shameless; ungrateful, unthankful سپين سرتوب spinsartób n-m old age (of women) سپين سرې spinsáre adj old, gray (of a woman); old woman سپين سپېڅلی spin-specə́lay adj clean, neat سپين شان spinšā́n adj whitish سپين غر spinγár n-m Spin Ghar, Safed Koh (mountain range) سپين لمني spinlaməní n-f chastity, morals سپين لمنې spinlamə́ne adj chaste (of a woman) سپين لمی spinlə́may n-m stoat (with white fur), ermine سپين مخي spinməxí n-f honesty, sincerity; innocence سپين مخی spinmə́xay adj white-faced; honest, sincere; innocent سپين نينولی spinninólay n-m rice porridge; rice drained in a colander سپين والی spinwā́lay n-m whiteness سپين ورږی spinwrə́ẓ̌ay adj white-maned (of a horse) سپين وزری spinwazáray adj white-winged سپين وشمه spinwášma adj whitish سپين ولی spinwə́lay n-m white poplar, silver poplar سپين وږی spinwáẓ̌ay n-m · botany three-awns wiregrasses, Aristida سپين پوستی spinpóstay adj with white skin, white-complexioned, white (of a person) سپين پګړی spinpagṛáy n-m cleric, mullah (in a white turban) سپين ږيرتوب spinẓ̌irtób n-m old age; gray hair (in men) سپين ږيری spinẓ̌íray n-m old man; elder, village headman سپين ږيری کېدل — to age, to grow old; to turn gray سپين ږيری کول — to elect as the village headman سپين ږيری نيول — to elect as the village headman سپين کب spinkáb n-m snowtrout, Schizothorax (fish) سپين کت spinkát n-m chalk سپين کپی spinkápay adj white as foam; bare (of a desert) سپين ککی spinkakáy adj purely white; completely white سپين ګئيځ spin gaíj n-m daybreak; early morning, dawn سپين ګل spingul n-m · personal name Spingul سپينه spína adj silver coin; fat on meat; egg white, albumen; resolution (of a problem, issue); settling (of a matter, a deal) feminine singular سپينه خاوره spína xā́wra n-f chalk سپينه لاره spína lā́ra n-m · astronomy Milky Way سپينول spinawə́l v · denominative; transitive to whiten, to whitewash; to tin-plate; to nickel-plate; to grind, to polish; to clean; to skin (an animal), to peel (e.g., an apple) سپيني spíni adj · plural Achilles tendon; fat on meat feminine plural سپينکی spinkáy n-m sheep intestines stuffed with minced meat (sausage for frying) سپينکۍ spinkə́y n-f piece of lard سپينکۍ spinkə́y n-f white pigment, white dye سپينېدل spinedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to become white; to be whitened; to be tin-plated; to be nickel-plated; to become gray (of hair) سپيپڼ spipáṇ n-m white double-flowering rose سپړ spəṛ adj open, unfolded سپړل spəṛə́l v · transitive; figurative to unfold, to unwrap; to open (the eyes, e.g., of a puppy); to take apart, to disassemble, to dismantle; to unseam, to rip apart سپړۍ spaṛə́y n-f wooden screw (which fastens the ploughshare to the plough beam) سپږمه spəẓ̌má n-f nostril سپږن spəẓ̌ə́n adj · Eastern lousy سپږه spə́ẓ̌a n-f · Eastern louse سپږۍ spəẓ̌ə́y n-f aphid, plant louse سپښته spə́ṣ̌ta n-f · figurative; figurative ankle; malleolus; knuckle bone; basis, foundation; background, hidden motive سپک spək adj light, lightweight; weak, insignificant; light, easy, uncomplicated; contemptible, shabby, wretched سپک səpák n-m measure of length equal to the width of four fingers سپک سپاند spək-spā́nd adj worthless, contemptible سپکاوی spəkā́way n-m disrespect; insult, offence, humiliation; meanness; worthless, contemptuousness چا ته سپکاوی اړول — to insult someone, to offend someone, to humiliate someone سپکه spə́ka adj lightness, light weight; nonsense, rubbish feminine singular سپکوالی spəkwā́lay n-m lightness; insignificance, contemptibility; insult, offence; humiliation د چا سپکوالیکول — to insult; to humiliate, to offend سپکول spəkawə́l v · denominative; transitive to make lighter; to insult, to offend; to humiliate, to demean سپکونه spəkawə́na n-f making lighter; insulting, offence; humiliating, demeaning سپکېدل spəkedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to become light, to lose weight; to be insulted, to be humiliated; to endure humiliation سپکېدنه spəkedə́na n-f reducing (of weight); offense, insult; humiliation سپڼ spəṇ n-m syllable سپڼ کول — to read by syllables سپڼسين spaṇsín adj cotton سپڼسين ټغر — palas rug سپڼسی spaṇsáy n-m · medicine (paper) yarn; thread; Guinea-worm سپڼل spəṇə́l v · transitive to examine, to analyze سپڼول spəṇawə́l v · transitive to open (buds), to cause to open سپڼکی spaṇkáy n-m spark سپڼېدل spəṇedə́l v · intransitive to blossom, to bloom سپی spay n-m · obscene dog; dog, son of a bitch سپۍ spəy n-f (female) dog سپېته spéta n-f wedge; spoke; grain scales سپېد sapéd adj · rare white سپېدار sapedā́r n-m aspen; white poplar سپېدلتيا spedəltyā́ n-f naivete, artlessness; narrow-mindedness سپېدلنه spedlə́na n-f naivete, artlessness; narrow-mindedness سپېدلی spedə́lay adj naïve; artless, open-hearted; narrow-minded, unintelligent سپېده sapedá n-f whitewash, white pigment سپېدي sapedí n-f whiteness سپېدپوستی sapedpóstay adj white-complexioned, light-skinned سپېدچه spedčá n-f species of wheat سپېدې spedé n-f · plural dawn, daybreak سپېدې چاود spedečā́wd n-m dawn, daybreak سپېدې چاوده spedečāwdə́ n-m · plural dawn, daybreak سپېرخولی sperxwúlay adj using bad language, swearing, cursing; foul-mouthed person سپېرلم sperlə́m n-m fox, vixen سپېرلټ sperláṭ adj dusty, covered with dust; slacker, idler, loafer سپېرلکی sperlakáy n-m two-year-old colt سپېرمخی spermə́xay adj unfortunate; ominous, sinister, ill-fated سپېرمرغی spermərγáy n-m beads of fat (e.g., in soup) سپېره sperə́ adj light gray; dusty, covered with dust; dirty, soiled; turbid; stained, spotted; deathly pale, sallow (of the color of a face) سپېره توب sperətób n-m · figurative gray (colour); death, destruction سپېره شان sperəšā́n adj grayish سپېره مخ sperəmə́x adj · dialectal low, base, vile, loathsome; submissive, obedient; ashamed سپېروونی sperawúnay n-m flour (for rolling dough) سپېرکونډه sperkúnḍa n-f crested lark, Galerida cristata سپېرکونډکه sperkunḍə́ka n-f crested lark, Galerida cristata سپېرکی sperkáy n-m coward; scoundrel, villain, rascal سپېرکی sperkáy adj grayish; ash-coloured, ashy سپېرکۍ sperkə́y n-f ajwain (a medicinal plant) سپېرګل spergə́l v · transitive to scold, to abuse verbally سپېرګه spérga n-f crude word, offensive word سپېسته spésta n-f leavened dough سپېغول speγól n-m · botany psyllium, ispaghula, Plantago ispaghula (a medicinal plant) سپېمتوب spematób n-m the period of estrus, the time of heat (in a dog, bitch); estrus, heat (in animals) سپېمه spemá n-f bitch (female dog) in heat سپېټه spiṭá adv never, by no means سپېڅل specə́l v · transitive to clean, to purify; to whiten, to bleach; to illuminate, to light up سپېڅلتوب specəltób n-m cleanness; neatness; tidying up, cleaning سپېڅلتيا specəltyā́ n-f cleanness; neatness; tidying up, cleaning سپېڅلوالی specəlwā́lay n-m cleanness; neatness; tidying up, cleaning سپېڅلی specə́lay clean; genuine, real; uncontaminated, pure سپين سپېڅلی — perfectly clean سپېږمه speẓ̌má n-f nostril سپېښته spéṣ̌ta n-f · anatomy peritoneum, abdomen; pericardium سڅ səc adj thick, dense سچاپ sačā́p n-m fringe سډر suḍár n-m (wild) boar; bald; scabby, mangy سډول səḍúl n-m old ox; deadhead; laggard سړبني saṛəbaní n-m · plural Sarbani (a group of Afghan tirbes) سړتيا saṛtyā́ n-f cold; coolness, chilliness سړزي saṛzí n-f cold; coolness, chilliness سړه saṛə́ adj free, unoccupied, not busy (with work, etc.); completed, fulfilled, finished سړه بن saṛabán n-m Saraban (one of the main tribal groups of the Pashtuns) سړه لوه saṛalə́wa n-f chills with fever سړه لوې saṛalə́we n-f chills with fever سړه کۍ saṛəkə́y n-f top, summit, crown (of a tree, of a mountain) سړوبي saṛobí n-f Sarobi (district) سړوبی saṛobáy n-m clay jug, earthenware pitcher سړوتی saṛótay n-m · diminutive (little) man سړول saṛawə́l v · denominative; transitive; figurative to cool, to chill; to soothe, to comfort; to slake, to slack (lime) سړي خور saṛixór adj greedy, stingy; cannibal سړيتوب saṛitób n-m manliness; humanity, humanness, morality د سړيتوب شان — befitting a man سړيځی saṛíjay adj (in combination with numerals) دوه سړيځی — double, two-seater سړپ sṛap n-m sound of a saber strike سړپهار sṛəpəhā́r n-m squelching, sloshing (of mud under the feet) سړی saṛáy n-m · plural man, person; husband; man; worker; servant; young man, lad سړې saṛé n-m · Western buddy!, old fellow! سړېدل saṛedə́l v · denominative; intransitive to become cold, to cool down; catch a cold; to calm down سړېچن saṛečán adj sensitive to cold (of a person) سږ saẓ̌ adj current, this سږ کال — the current year, this year سږمه səẓ̌má n-f nostril سږن səẓ̌ə́n adj pulmonary, lung سږن رګ — artery سږن saẓ̌ə́n adj current (year), this; of the current year, of this year سږنی saẓ̌ənáy adj current (year), this; of the current year, of this year سږی sə́ẓ̌ay n-m · anatomy lung سژهار səžahā́r n-m whistling (of bullets) سښا səṣ̌ā́ n-f sizzling, sputtering (of meat being fried) سښسوره saṣ̌sóra n-f hoe (agricultural tool) سک sik n-m Sikh سکارت sakārát n-m agony; faint, fainting سکارت موت — /sakārát-i …/ death throes سکارلاتين skārlātín n-m · medicine scarlet fever, scarlatina سکاره خرڅوونکی skārə́ xarcawúnkay n-m coal seller سکاره والا skārəwālā́ n-m coal seller سکاروی skā́rway n-m · medicine pneumonia; pleurisy سکاسه skā́sa n-f silhouette سکال sakā́l n-m current year, this year سکالرشيپ skālaršíp n-m scholarship, student grant سکالرشيپ ورکول — to grant a scholarship سکام skām n-m post, pole, rack سکام skām misc I did say univerbation of the phrase ما سکه ويل سکاندينويا skāndinawiyā́ n-f Scandinavia سکاندينويايي skāndinawiyāyí adj Scandinavian سکاوټ skāuṭ n-m · regional boy scout; scout, secret service agent, intelligence agent سکاټلېنډ skā́ṭlénḍ n-m Scotland سکاڼ skāṇ adj dark bay (equine coat color); dark-complexioned, swarthy; sunburned, tanned سکاڼی skāṇáy n-m chisel سکته səkáta n-f patience, endurance; satisfaction سکته saktá n-f · medicine interruption, disconnection; hitch; comma; numbness; stroke, insult, apoplexy سکتور siktór n-m sector سکر sukr n-m intoxicating drink; wine سکرتر sekretár n-m secretary سکروټه skarwáṭa n-f red smouldering ember; spark سکستل skustə́l v · transitive to shear (wool) سکسول saksawúl n-m · botany saxaul, Haloxylon سکم skam n-m sack, bag سکنجبين sikanǰabín n-m lemon juice with sugar; syrup of vinegar and honey سکندر sikandár n-m · proper name Alexander, Iskander; (history) Alexander the Great سکندن skindán n-m tasting, sampling, testing سکنده skindá n-f healing, scarring (of a wound); joining of disparate parts سکنډه skunḍá n-f pinch, tweak, nip سکنی sakanáy adj consanguineal, by blood سکه sikká n-f coin سکه siká n-f lead (metal) سکه siká (beautiful) appearance, good looks سکه saká adj by blood, consanguineal سکه خور — full sister سکه ورور — full brother سکه siká adj · dialectal respected, honoured; serious; stupid; slow-witted; slow thinker سکه sáka n-f tasting, trying (food) سکه sə́ka conjunction · obsolete as if, like, sort of ما سکه ويل نن به راشي — I supposed that he/she would come today. سکو sakú n-m stone bench; platform سکوت sukút n-m silence, quietness سکور skor n-m · usually plural coal (usually charcoal); firebrand; smouldering ember سکورکاڼی skorkā́ṇay n-m black coal سکوست skwəst n-m shearing (of sheep) سکول skwəl v · transitive; plural shearing د پسه سکول — sheep shearing د سکولو وخت — sheep-shearing season سکول skwul n-m · regional school سکولل skwalə́l v · transitive to shear (sheep) سکولګر skwəlgár n-m shearer (of sheep) سکون sukún n-m peace, calmness, tranquility سکونت sukunát n-m living, residence, habitation; peace, calmness, tranquility; stillness, fixedness سکونډل skunḍə́l v · transitive to pinch, to nip, to tweak; to pinch something off, to pick something off سکونډه skúnḍa n-f nip, pinch, tweak سکونډۍ skunḍə́y n-f nip, pinch, tweak سکوه skə́wa n-f pitchfork (for winnowing grain) سکويار skoyā́r n-m tailor سکوير skwayr n-m · regional squire, landowner سکويل skoyə́l v · transitive to comb; to comb out; to shear (sheep); to rub سکوينه skoyə́na n-f combing, combing out; shearing (of sheep); rubbing سکوی skoy n-m · figurative seam; stitch; embroidery; anxiety, uneasiness; constitution, stature; appearance, exterior سکوی skəwáy n-m tailor سکوېر skwer n-m square, public garden سکي ski n-m · plural skis سکي کول — to ski سکي وهل — to ski سکي کوونکی ski kawúnkay n-m skier سکيم skim n-m sack, bag سکيم skim n-m scheme, plan; project, design سکينده skindá n-f · medicine splints سکينده به skindabá n-m osteopathist, bonesetter سکړک sukṛə́k n-m cornbread سکړک sukṛúk adj crippled, mutilated; cripple سکښت skəṣ̌t n-m · tailoring pattern cutting سکښتل skəṣ̌tə́l v · transitive; figurative to cut out (a dress); to make plans, to suppose; to estimate سکښته skə́ṣ̌ta n-f · tailoring pattern cutting سکڼ skaṇ n-m · tailoring cutting out, pattern cutting سکڼۍ skaṇə́y n-f queen bee’s cell (in a beehive); handle (of a dish) سکېچ skeč n-m croquis, free-hand drawing; sketch سګ sag n-m · rare dog سګال sigā́l n-m imagination; suspicion; hostility, hatred; speech, word سګرت sigrát n-m · plural cigarettes سګرټ داني sigraṭdāní n-f cigarette case, cigarette tin سګرټي sigraṭí n-m · plural smoker سګرېت والا sigreṭwālā́ n-m seller of cigarettes سګل sugúl n-f winter boots made of rawhide سګلاوو saglāwú n-m otter سګه sə́ga n-f · attributive means, capital; profit, gain; land allotment, plot of land; acquired; gathered; obtained سګوان sagwā́n n-m teak tree سګک sagák n-m buckle; hook; fastening, clasp; mole cricket (insect) سګی sə́gay n-m · Eastern lung سڼ saṇ n-m jute; flax سڼ səṇ n-m ginger سیمکارت simkā́rt n-m SIM card سېب seb n-m apple سېت set n-m set (e.g., of crayons); set, suite (of furniture); instrument, apparatus; set of equipment د راډيو سېت — radio receiver سېر ser n-m seer (a unit of weight equal to four charaks, regionally equal to two English pounds) د کابل سېر — a Kabul ser (7000 grams) سېرځی serjáy n-m progressive person, leading worker, advanced worker سېل sel n-m flock, group; mudflow, turbulent mountain stream; freshet, flood; heavy shower, rain storm سېلاو selā́w n-m mudflow, turbulent mountain stream; freshet, flood سېلاوه selāwá n-f long knife (weapon) سېمينار seminā́r n-m seminar سېو sew n-m moisture, dampness, humidity سېټ seṭ n-m money changer; (wholesale) trader; banker سېځل sejə́l v · transitive to burn (down); to incinerate سېک sek n-m power, might سېک ختلی — weakened سېکور sekəwár adj strong, powerful
Dictionary data from Open Pashto-English Dictionary (OPED) , licensed CC BY 4.0 . Headwords, transliterations, parts of speech and glosses extracted and reshaped as JSON; note-only senses dropped; an English-to-Pashto index added.